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了解状语从句的内容及用法

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原因状语从句让步状语从句因果关系后置省略

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原因状语从句

引导原因状语从句(Adver bial Clause or Cause) 的连词或复合连词有because， as, since, for, now that, in that, seeing that, considering that, on the ground(s) that 等

She disliked him on the ground(s) that he is lazy．因为他懒，所以她不喜欢他。 A gas differs from solid in that it has no definite shape. 气体不同于固体的地方就在于它没有定的形状。

because, since, as 和for 表示原因时的区别

because, since, as 表示因果关系语气由强到弱，在强调向式中,若强调原因状语从句，只能用 because 引导

It was because he was late that he didn't go with us. 正因为他来晚了，才没有和我们一道去(because 不可以换成since 或 as)

for引导的分句只是对前面分句加以解释，说明推断的理由，并且只能后置

The fuel must have been finished, for the engine stopped.燃料一定是用完了，因为发动机停了

not.… because 否定 because 引导的从句

在由because 引导的主从复合句中,如果主句中含有否定词not,则可能是否定 because 引导的从句

She didn't marry you because you had money. = She married you not because you had money. 她嫁给你，不是因为你有钱 The mountain is not famous because it is high.= The mountain is famous not because it is high. 这山有名，并不是因为它的高度。

让步状语从句

让步状语从句 (Adverbial Clause of Concession) 引导词有：though/although/while （虽然），as, even if/though(即使），however(尽管)，whatever（不管)，no matter how/what/where/when..（不管怎样/什么/哪里/何时…•)，whether. or(不管是⋯⋯还是…•)，granted that(即使)，for all that(尽管如此，in spite of the fact that(尽管)，regardless of the fact that(尽管）等

Don't open the door, no matter who comes. 不管谁来都别开门 Despite (= In spite of / For all) the bad weather, we enjoyed our holiday．尽管天气不好，我们的假期仍过得很愉快

注意

despite, in spite of, for all 也表示“尽管”，但后面只能接名词结构，不可接从句

no matter+疑问词 (who, what, where, when， how)引1导让出状语从句，表示“无论，不管(谁、什么、哪里…)”相当于“疑问词ever”

Don't trust him, no matter wohat (= whatever) he savs. 无论他说什么，都不要相信他。 No matter hoe (= However) hard I work, there is always more to do. 不管我有多努力工作，总有更多事情等着我去做

注意：“疑问词tever”引导名词性从句时，不可用“no matter +疑问词”互换

no matter whether.. or... 结构通常将 no matter 省略，形成由 whether. or (not)引导的让步状语从句，表示“不管.…还是.当从句中含有 be 动词时，可进一步省略，表达成"bet主语+… or.

You'll have to attend the ceremony, whether you're free or busy. 不管你忙不忙，都要参加这个典礼。 Whether you believe it or not, it's true. 无论你是否相信，这都是真的