legal system思维导图
legal system
树图思维导图提供 legal system 在线思维导图免费制作，点击“编辑”按钮，可对 legal system 进行在线思维导图编辑，本思维导图属于思维导图模板主题，文件编号是：79ebb840de9a0567a4b3d5c2a8610e36
思维导图大纲
legal system思维导图模板大纲
source of law
statute
formally known as acts of parliament
子主题 3
statutory instrument - secondary legislation
international treaty
case law
conventions (non-binding)
statutory interpretation
literal rule - ordinary means, even absurd
golden rules - when absurd, court may give different meaning
mischief rule - what problem statute was designed to remedy
purposive rule - why statute exists and its goals
rules of language
expressio unius est exclusio alterius: express of one thing is exclusion of another
Noscitur a Sociis: a word is interpreted by the company it keeps
In Pari Materia: upon the same matter or subject (refer to another statutes)
Ejusdem Generis: of the same type (meaning of general words followed specific words
civil court structure
county court
amount
not exceeds 50,000 - personal injury
not exceeds 100,000 - other case
judge
circuit judges
more senior district judges
sub-division
small claims track
10,000/1,000
5,000-traffic accident
fast track
25,000/10,000
multi-track
100,000/50,000
appeal
district judge on small claims track
senior circuit judge at Count court, then to High Court
other case
High Court, then Court of Appeal
rarely directly to Court of Appeal
family court
high court
amount
complex multi-track cases more than 50,000
judge
justice/judge of the High Court, or puisne judge
divisions
queen's bench
administrative court (judicial review)
chancery
land, trust, wills
family
adoption, marriage related
appeal
if tired by Masters, then first to High Court Judge
appeal to Court of Appeal
if public significance (statutory interpretation) - directly to Supreme Court
criminal court
magistrates' court
judges
lay magistrates
district judge
cases
summary way
common assault
either way
assault with bodily harm
theft
sentences
6 month for single and 12 months for multiple offences
crown court
judges
high court judges
circuit judges
recorders (part-time judge consist of barrister or solicitor)
jury (18-75)
cases
either way
assault with bodily harm
theft
indictable only
murder
rape
precedent
vertically binding effect
rulings of higher court bind the lower courts
horizontal binding effect
Supreme Court does not bind itself
Appeal Court
binding re civil case
not binding re criminal case
High Court
binding if act as appellate court
not binding if first instance court
lower first instance court
not binding
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