新东方网英语四级频道为大家整理了英语四级仔细阅读练习题库,希望可以为大家带来帮助,预祝大家顺利通过2017年12月大学英语四级考试。
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2017年12月大学英语四级仔细阅读练习(22)思维导图模板大纲
新东方网英语四级频道为大家整理了英语四级仔细阅读练习题库,希望可以为大家带来帮助,预祝大家顺利通过2017年12月大学英语四级考试。
TheEarthcomprisesthreeprincipallayers:thedense,iron-richcore,themantlemadeofsilicate(硅酸盐)thataresemi-moltenatdepth,andthethin,solid-surfacecrustTherearetwokindsofcrust,aloweranddenseroceaniccrustandanupper,lightercontinentalcrustfoundoveronlyabout40percentoftheEarth’ssurface.Therocksofthecrustareofverydifferentages.Somecontinentalrocksareover3,000millionyearsold,whilethoseoftheoceanfloorarelessthan200millionyearsold.Thecrustsandthetop,solidpartofthemantle,totalingabout70to100kilometersinthickness,atpresentappeartoconsistofabout15rigidplates,7ofwhichareverylarge.Theseplatesmoveoverthesemi-moltenlowermantletoproduceallofthemajortopographical(地形学的)featuresoftheEarth.Activezoneswhereintensedeformationoccurareconfinedtothenarrow,interconnectingboundariesofcontactoftheplates.
Therearethreemaintypesofzonesofcontact:spreadingcontactswhereplatesmoveapart,convergingcontactswhereplatesmovetowardseachother,andtransformcontactswhereplatesslidepasteachother.NewoceaniccrustisformedalongoneormoremarginsofeachplatebymaterialissuingfromdeeperlayersoftheEarth’scrust,forexample,byvolcaniceruptions(爆发)oflava(火山熔岩)atmid-oceanridges.Ifatsuchaspreadingcontactthetwoplatessupportcontinents,arift(裂缝)isformedthatwillgraduallywidenandbecomefloodedbythetea.TheAtlanticOceanformedlikethisastheAmericanandAfro-Europeanplatesmovedinoppositedirections.Whentwoplatescarryingcontinentscollide,thecontinentalblocks,toolighttobedrawndown,continuetofloatandthereforebuckle(起褶皱)toformamountainchainalongthelengthofthemarginoftheplates.
练习题:
Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:
1.TheEarth’scrust______.
A.canbeclassifiedintotwotypes
B.isformedalongthemarginsoftheplates
C.consistsofsemi-moltenrocks
D.isabout70to100kilometersthick
2.The15platesoftheEarthareformedfrom___.
A.theoceaniccrustsandcontinentalcrusts
B.thecrustsandthemantle
C.thecrustsandthetopandsolidpartofthemantle
D.thecontinentalcrustsandthesolidpartofthemantle
3.Seriously-deformedzonesappear_______
A.wheneverthecrustsmoveovermantle
B.whentheplatesmovetowardseachother
C.inthenarrowboundarieswheretwoplatesmeet
D.tobethemajortopographicalfeatureoftheEarth
4.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,theformationoftheAtlanticOceanistheexampleof_______.
A.spreadingcontacts
B.theinfluenceofvolcaniceruptions
C.convergingcontacts
D.transformcontacts
5.Thispassageisprobably_______.
A.anewspaperadvertisement
B.achapterofanovel
C.anexcerptfromatextbook
D.ascientificreportofnewfindings
1.[A]事实细节题。选项A与文章第1段第2句所述一致,为正确答案。此类题可采用排除法。根据第2段第2句的内容可以知道选项B所指的只是地壳中的一种.而不是所有地壳。选項C与文章第1句的内容不符。选項D的主语应该是地壳和上层的地幔,不仅仅是地壳。
2.[C]推理判断题。此题可定位到第1段倒数第3句。题干中的15plates是原文该句中的宾语,且该句的谓语中心词是consistof(由......组成),题干的谓语是areformedfrom,这意思一致,但题目用的是被动语态。表明答案可从原文该句的主语得到。主语中的top和solid并列修饰partofthemantle。选项C为该句的同义替换,故正确。
3.[C]亊实细节题。选项C是对第1段最后一句的同义改写。文章中没有提到选项A中thecrustsmoveovermantle这种现象;选项B提到的现象在第2段第1句才讨论到,与题干无关;文中也没有提到严重变形的地区是地球的主要地形特征,因此选项D不正确。
4.[A]亊实细节题。第2段主要分成两部分:第一部分谈板块活动的三种形式,第二部分分别举例说明其中在说明spreadingcontacts时,引用了大西洋的例子:"TheAtlanticOceanformedlikethis...",所以答案为A。
2017年12月大学英语四级仔细阅读练习题库
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