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2017年12月大学英语四级仔细阅读练习(15)思维导图模板大纲
新东方网英语四级频道为大家整理了英语四级仔细阅读练习题库,希望可以为大家带来帮助,预祝大家顺利通过2017年12月大学英语四级考试。
Notallsoundsmadebyanimalsserveaslanguage,andwehaveonlytoturntothatextraordinarydiscoveryofecholocation(回声定位)inbatstoseeacaseinwhichthevoiceplaysastrictlypracticalrole.
Togetafullappreciationofwhatthismeanswemustturnfirsttosomerecenthumaninventions.Everyoneknowsthatifheshoutsnearawalloramountainside,anechowillcomeback.Thefurtheroffthissolidobstacle,thelongertimeitwilltakeforthereturnoftheecho.Asoundmadebytappingonthemainbodyofashipwillbereflectedfromtheseabottom,andbymeasuringthetimeintervalbetweenthetapsandthereceiptoftheechoesthedepthoftheseaatthatpointcanbecalculated.Sowasborntheecho-soundingequipment,nowingeneraluseinships.Everysolidobjectwillreflectasound,varyingaccordingtothesizeandnatureoftheobject.Ashoaloffishwilldothis.Soitisacomparativelysimplestepfromlocatingtheseabottomtolocatingashoaloffish.Withexperience,andwithimprovedequipment,itisnowpossiblenotonlytolocatefishbuttotellifitisherring,cod,orotherwell-knownfish,bythepatternofitsecho.
Afewyearsagoitwasfoundthatcertainbatsemitsqueaks(吱吱声)andbyreceiving’heechoestheycouldlocateandsteerclearofobstacles--orlocateflyinginsectsonwhichtheyfeed.Thisecholocationinbatsisoftencomparedwithradar,theprincipleofwhichissimilar.
练习题:
Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:
1.Themainpurposeofthispassageisto______.
A.describethatanimalscanmakedifferentsounds
B.provethatanimals’voicescanplaypracticalroles
C.inspirethereaderstomakemoreinventions
D.startlethereaderswithsomeshockingfacts
2.ThediscoveryofecholocationmayhelpwithallofthefollowingEXCEPT
A.measuringthedepthofthesea
B.distinguishingdifferentkindsoffish
C.improvingthefunctionsofradar
D.varyingthesizeandnatureofanobject
3.Bysaying"Ashoaloffishwilldothis"(Lines6-7,Para.2),theauthormeans________.
A.onlyonespecialkindoffishcanreflectsounds
B.onlyonespecialkindoffishcanbeusedtohelplocateaship
C.alargegroupoffishcanreflectsounds
D.alargegroupoffishcanbeusedtohelplocateaship
4.Asitisdiscussedinthepassage,thesqueaksofbatscanbefunctionallycomparedwith________.
A.humanlanguages
B.amountainside
C.ashoaloffish
D.tapsonaship
5.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?
A.Animalsaremoreintelligentthanhumans.
B.Humansaremoreintelligentthananimals.
C.Animalsareoftencomparedwithhumaninventions.
D.Humansareofteninspiredbyanimals.
1.[B]主旨大意题。文章第1段就点明主题,明确指出以蝙蝠为例,动物发出的声音有实际作用,只有B可以概括文章的这个写作目的。
2.[C]事实细节题。本题考査列举处,可用排除法解答。A、B、C在文中都有相关提及。D利用第2段中的varying制造干扰。在原文中,指的是回声因障碍物的不同而不同,而D偷换概念、曲解文意,D中的varying为及物动词,意为“改变”,显然不可能是回声定位的发现带来的功效。
3.[C]词义推断题。本题考查对shoal的词义推测及代词this的理解。依据第2段最后几句话,可推测出ashoaloffish指的是“海里的一群鱼”;this则是指上一句提到的“任何固体都可以反射声音”,因此这句话表明一大群鱼就能像一个固体一样反射声音。
4.[D]推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,蝙蝠发出吱吱声可以探测障碍物的距离,而第2段也指出轻敲船体可测知海底的距离,因此在功能上,D与蝙蝠的吱吱声相同。A中的humanlanguages在文中未提到;B和C在文中各自的例子中充当的都是障碍物的角色,因此都不正确。
2017年12月大学英语四级仔细阅读练习题库
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