倒装句思维导图

注意：

（ 1 ）主语是代词时,主语和谓语不倒装.

（ 2 ） here , there 放在句首通常用一般现在时.

（ 1 ）形容词＋连系动词＋主语

Present at the meeting were Mr Li, Mr Wang and many other teachers.

出席会议的有李老师、王老师和其他很多老师.

（ 2 ）过去分词＋连系动词＋主语

Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.

我们使用洋油的日子一去不复返了.

（ 3 ）介词短语＋ be ＋主语

Among the goods are books, exercise-books, pens and some other things.

在所有的货物中有书、练习册、钢笔和其他东西.

例如：You can't speak French. Neither can she.

你不会说法语,她也不会.

例如： They arrived at a small village, in front of which was a big river.

他们来到一个小村庄,村庄前面是条大河.

在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：

I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。

He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。

She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。

He little realizes how important this meeting is. / Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。

We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。

【注意】

(1) 对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序：

He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。

(2) 某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装：

On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。

In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。

但是，in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序：

In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。

当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序：

Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。

Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。

Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。

Is Lily singing or dancing？ 莉莉是在唱歌还是在跳舞？

What does your mother do？ 你妈妈是干什么的？

She saw it， and so did I. 她看见了，我也看见了。

注意：（1）如果前句的谓语动词是实义动词，倒装结构中用助动词do，does或did；如果前句的谓语中含有be动词、助动词或情态动词，倒装结构中则要根据其主语使用相应的动词。例如：

He can do it， and so can I. 他能做到，我也能做到。

He is working hard， and so are we. 他在努力工作，我们也在努力工作。

（2）有时so可以表示对前句内容的进一步肯定，意思相当于“是的；的确如此”，此时不可使用倒装结构。例如：

Tom didn’t watch TV last night. Neither/ Nor did I. 汤姆昨晚没看电视，我也没看。

They haven’t been to Australia. Neither/ Nor have I. 他们没去过澳大利亚，我也没去过。

Young as he is， he knows a lot. 尽管他很年轻，但是他知道很多。

Surrounded as we were by the enemy， we managed to fight our way out. 尽管被敌人包围了，我们还是设法冲了出来。