动词(时态,语态,用法,省略,一致性等) 时态 1)现在完成进行时态 (have/has been + -ing 分词构成): 动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束. I’ve been
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2017年6月大学英语四级语法知识:动词思维导图模板大纲
动词(时态,语态,用法,省略,一致性等)
时态
I’vebeenwritinglettersforanhour.
I’vebeensittinginthegarden.
I’dbeenworkingforsometimewhenhecalled.
Wehadbeenwaitingforherfortwohoursbythetimeshecame.
Bynextsummer,hewillhavebeenworkingherefortwentyyears.
Inanothermonth’stimeshe’llhavebeenstudyinghereforthreeyears.
Ishallhavefinishedthisonebeforelunch.
They’llhavehittheyear’stargetbytheendofOctober.
可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如:
Hewassaidtobejealousofhersuccess.
Itwassaidthathewasjealousofhersuccess.
能同时适用于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表示“估计”,“相信”等意义的动词,常见的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等.
Itissupposedthattheshiphasbeensunk.
Theshipissupposedtohavebeensunk.
担当besupposedto与不定式的一般形式搭配时往往表示不同的意义.例如:
Whyareyoudrivingsofastinthisarea?Youaresupposedtoknowthespeedtoknowthespeedlimit.(你应该晓得速度限制)
双宾语结构的被动语态:双宾语结构变为被动语态时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面,但多数是把间接宾语变为主语.
Hewasaskedanumberofquestionsatthepressconference.
Twodayswereallowedthemformakingthenecessarypreparations.
ShewascalledBigSisterbyeverybody.
Thenhewasmadeasquadleader.
Hewasconsideredquitequalifiedforthejob.
Theroomwasalwayskeptcleanandtidy.
Vi+adv
Theplanetookofftwohourslate.
Vi+prep
TheylookedroundtheCathedral.
Vi+prep(有被动语态)
She’slookingafterhersister’schildren.
Thechildrenwerealwayswelllookedafter.
Vi+adv+prep
Ibegantolookforwardtotheirvisits.
Vt+O+adv
Somewomenchoosetostayathomeandbringuptheirchildren.
Thechildrenwerebroughtupbytheirmother.
Theytookhimon.
Vt+adv+O(无被动语态)
Iamtryingtogiveupsmoking.
Vt+O+prep
WetalkedDonaldintoagreement.