2017年6月英语四级语法知识：代词作主语思维导图
代词作主语时的一致 each, either, neither和由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词,都作单数看待. Each of us has something to say. Is everybody ready? Somebody is using
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2017年6月英语四级语法知识：代词作主语思维导图模板大纲
代词作主语时的一致
each,either,neither和由some,any,no,every构成的复合代词,都作单数看待.
Eachofushassomethingtosay.
Iseverybodyready?
Somebodyisusingthephone.
Neitherofushasgonethroughregulartraining.
Haseitherofthemtoldyou?
some,few,both,many等作复数
some可后接复数,也可接单数,表示某一.
none作复数看待时较多,但也有时作单数看待,主要看说话人脑中联系想到的是复数还是单数概念,但none在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数:
Noneofthebooksareeasyenoughforus
Noneofusseemtohavethoughtofit.
None(=notasingleone)ofushasgotacamera.
None(=nobody)hasfeltitmorekeenlythanshedid.
Noneofthisworriesme.
all和most可后接复数,也可接不可数名词(allofthe…,mostofthe…),动词用单数.
由and或both…and连接名词词组时,后用复数;由notonly…but(also),either…or,neither…nor或or连接的并列主语,谓语通常和最邻近的主语一致
Notonlytheswitchesbutalsotheoldwritinghasbeenchanged.
Mysisterormybrotherislikelytobeathome.
EitheryouorMrYangistodothework.
NeithermywifenorImyselfamabletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind.
如果一个句子是由there或here引导,而主语又不止一个,谓语通常也和最邻近的那个主语一致。
Therewascarvedintheboardadragonandaphoenix.
Hereisapen,afewenvelopesandsomepaperforyou.
people,police,cattle,poultry(家禽),militia(民兵)等通常都用作复数.
Cattlearegrazingonthepasture.
Thepolicearelookingforhim.
有些集体名词有时作单数看待,有时作复数看待,主要根据意思来决定.
Hisfamilyisn’tverylarge.
Hisfamilyareallmusiclovers.
Thecommitteemeetstwiceamonth.
Thecommitteearedividedinopinion.
Theaudiencewasenormous.
Theaudienceweregreatlymovedatthewords.
有些名词单复数同形,可根据意思决定谓语动词的数:
Thisnewseriesisbeginningnextmonth.
Thesenewseriesarebeginningnextmonth.
Thisspeciesisnowextinct.
Thesespeciesarenowextinct.
表示时间,重量,长度,价值等的名词,尽管仍是复数形式,如果作整体看待,动词也可用单数形式(当然用复数动词也是可以的):
Threeweekswasallowedformakingthenecessarypreparations.
Onehundredliwascoveredinasinglenight.
书名,国家名用单数:
TalesfromShakespeareisabookbyCharlesLamb.
学科名,如mathematics,economics用单数.
manya或morethanone所修饰的词作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式:
Manyapersonhashadthatkindofexperience.
Morethanonepersonhasinvolvedinthecase.
anumberof后接复数,thenumberof后接单数:
Anumberofbookshavebeenpublishedonthesubject.
Thenumberofbookspublishedonthesubjectissimplyamazing.
oneofthose后用单数.在“oneof+复数名词+关系分句”结构中，关系分句中谓语动词的单复数形式在一般情况下有两形式，一是根据先行词采用复数形式：
Joanisoneofthosepeoplewhogooutoftheirwaytobehelpful.
当one之前友theonly等限定词和修饰语时，关系分句谓语动词根据one而定，即采用单数形式：
Heistheonlyoneofthoseboyswhoiswillingtotakeonanotherassignment.
Joanisoneofthosepeoplewhogooutoftheirwaytobehelpful.
当one之前友theonly等限定词和修饰语时，关系分句谓语动词根据one而定，即采用单数形式：
Heistheonlyoneofthoseboyswhoiswillingtotakeonanotherassignment.
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