2017年6月大学英语四级阅读练习及答案(九)思维导图

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2017年6月大学英语四级阅读练习及答案(九)思维导图

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　　Not all sounds made by animals serve as language, and we have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery of echolocation (回声定位) in bats to see a case in which the voice play

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2017年6月大学英语四级阅读练习及答案(九)思维导图模板大纲

Notallsoundsmadebyanimalsserveaslanguage,andwehaveonlytoturntothatextraordinarydiscoveryofecholocation(回声定位)inbatstoseeacaseinwhichthevoiceplaysastrictlypracticalrole.

Togetafullappreciationofwhatthismeanswemustturnfirsttosomerecenthumaninventions.Everyoneknowsthatifheshoutsnearawalloramountainside,anechowillcomeback.Thefurtheroffthissolidobstacle,thelongertimeitwilltakeforthereturnoftheecho.Asoundmadebytappingonthemainbodyofashipwillbereflectedfromtheseabottom,andbymeasuringthetimeintervalbetweenthetapsandthereceiptoftheechoesthedepthoftheseaatthatpointcanbecalculated.Sowasborntheecho-soundingequipment,nowingeneraluseinships.Everysolidobjectwillreflectasound,varyingaccordingtothesizeandnatureoftheobject.Ashoaloffishwilldothis.Soitisacomparativelysimplestepfromlocatingtheseabottomtolocatingashoaloffish.Withexperience,andwithimprovedequipment,itisnowpossiblenotonlytolocatefishbuttotellifitisherring,cod,orotherwell-knownfish,bythepatternofitsecho.

Afewyearsagoitwasfoundthatcertainbatsemitsqueaks(吱吱声)andbyreceiving’heechoestheycouldlocateandsteerclearofobstacles--orlocateflyinginsectsonwhichtheyfeed.Thisecholocationinbatsisoftencomparedwithradar,theprincipleofwhichissimilar.

练习题：

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.Themainpurposeofthispassageisto______.

A.describethatanimalscanmakedifferentsounds

B.provethatanimals’voicescanplaypracticalroles

C.inspirethereaderstomakemoreinventions

D.startlethereaderswithsomeshockingfacts

2.ThediscoveryofecholocationmayhelpwithallofthefollowingEXCEPT

A.measuringthedepthofthesea

B.distinguishingdifferentkindsoffish

C.improvingthefunctionsofradar

D.varyingthesizeandnatureofanobject

3.Bysaying"Ashoaloffishwilldothis"(Lines6-7,Para.2),theauthormeans________.

A.onlyonespecialkindoffishcanreflectsounds

B.onlyonespecialkindoffishcanbeusedtohelplocateaship

C.alargegroupoffishcanreflectsounds

D.alargegroupoffishcanbeusedtohelplocateaship

4.Asitisdiscussedinthepassage,thesqueaksofbatscanbefunctionallycomparedwith________.

A.humanlanguages

B.amountainside

C.ashoaloffish

D.tapsonaship

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Animalsaremoreintelligentthanhumans.

B.Humansaremoreintelligentthananimals.

C.Animalsareoftencomparedwithhumaninventions.

D.Humansareofteninspiredbyanimals.

1.[B]主旨大意题。文章第1段就点明主题，明确指出以蝙蝠为例，动物发出的声音有实际作用，只有B可以概括文章的这个写作目的。

2.[C]事实细节题。本题考査列举处，可用排除法解答。A、B、C在文中都有相关提及。D利用第2段中的varying制造干扰。在原文中，指的是回声因障碍物的不同而不同，而D偷换概念、曲解文意，D中的varying为及物动词，意为“改变”,显然不可能是回声定位的发现带来的功效。

3.[C]词义推断题。本题考查对shoal的词义推测及代词this的理解。依据第2段最后几句话,可推测出ashoaloffish指的是“海里的一群鱼”;this则是指上一句提到的“任何固体都可以反射声音”，因此这句话表明一大群鱼就能像一个固体一样反射声音。

4.[D]推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，蝙蝠发出吱吱声可以探测障碍物的距离，而第2段也指出轻敲船体可测知海底的距离，因此在功能上,D与蝙蝠的吱吱声相同。A中的humanlanguages在文中未提到;B和C在文中各自的例子中充当的都是障碍物的角色，因此都不正确。

5.[D]推理判断题。文章先说动物的回声定位功能,再说到回声定位探测仪的发明,由此可见，是动物的某些能力启发了人类的创造，因此只有D可从文中推测。文章并没有从智力方面比较人类和动物，因此可以排除A和B;尽管文章说到了蝙蝠和雷达的原理相似，但是C中的often一词无据可循，且C的说法浮于表面，没有说到重点，故排除。

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