2017年6月大学英语四级阅读练习及答案(二十四)思维导图

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2017年6月大学英语四级阅读练习及答案(二十四)思维导图

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　　It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints (约束) influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: y

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Itiseasiertonegotiateinitialsalaryrequirementbecauseonceyouareinside,theorganizationalconstraints(约束)influencewageincreases.Onething,however,iscertain:yourchancesofgettingtheraiseyoufeelyoudeservearelessifyoudon’tatleastaskforit.Mentendtoaskformore,andtheygetmore,andthisholdstruewithotherresources,notjustpayincreases.ConsiderBeth’sstory:

IdidnotgetwhatIwantedwhenIdidnotaskforit.Wehadcubicle(小隔间)officesandwindowoffices.Isatinthecubicleswithseveralmalecolleagues.Onebyonetheyweremovedintowindowoffices,whileIremainedinthecubicles,severalmaleswhowerehiredaftermealsowenttooffices.Oneinparticulartoldmehewasnextinlineforanofficeandthatithadbeenpartofhisnegotiationsforthejob.IguesstheythoughtmecontenttostayinthecubiclessinceIdidnotvoicemyopinioneitherway.

Itwouldbeniceifweallreceivedautomaticpayincreasesequaltoourmerit,but“nice”isn’taqualityattributedtomostorganizations.Ifyoufeelyoudeserveasignificantraiseinpay,you’llprobablyhavetoaskforit.

Performanceisyourbestbargainingchip(筹码)whenyouareseekingaraise.Youmustbeabletodemonstratethatyoudeservearaise.Timingisalsoagoodbargainingchip.Ifyoucangiveyourbosssomethingheorsheneeds(anewclientorasizablecontract,forexample)justbeforemeritpaydecisionsarebeingmade,youaremorelikelytogettheraiseyouwant.

Useinformationasabargainingchiptoo.Findoutwhatyouareworthontheopenmarket.Whatwillsomeoneelsepayforyourservices?

Gointothenegotiationspreparedtoplaceyourchipsonthetableattheappropriatetimeandpreparedtousecommunicationstyletoguidethedirectionoftheinteraction.

练习题：

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.Accordingtothepassage,beforetakingajob,apersonshould________.

A.demonstratehiscapability

B.givehisbossagoodimpression

C.askforasmuchmoneyashecan

D.askforthesalaryhehopestoget

2.WhatcanbeinferredfromBeth’sstory?

A.Prejudiceagainstwomenstillexistsinsomeorganizations.

B.Ifpeoplewantwhattheydeserve,theyhavetoaskforit.

C.Peopleshouldnotbecontentwithwhattheyhavegot.

D.Peopleshouldbecarefulwhennegotiatingforajob.

3.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.

A.unfairnessexistsinsalaryincreases

B.mostpeopleareoverworkedandunderpaid

C.oneshouldavoidoverstatingone’sperformance

D.mostorganizationsgivetheirstaffautomaticpayraises

4.Togetapayraise,apersonshould________.

A.advertisehimselfonthejobmarket

B.persuadehisbosstosignalong-termcontract

C)trytogetinsideinformationabouttheorganization

D)dosomethingtoimpresshisbossjustbeforemeritpaydecisions

5.Tobesuccessfulinnegotiations,onemust________.

A.meethisbossattheappropriatetime

B.arriveatthenegotiationtablepunctually

C.begoodatinfluencingtheoutcomeoftheinteraction

D.befamiliarwithwhatthebosslikesanddislikes

1.[D]推理判断题。根据文章第1句。开头立论：“Itiseasiertonegotiateinitialsalaryrequirement在进入公司以前就谈妥你的最初工资要求要更容易些”。因此，在接受一份工作前应该先提出期望薪金要求，即D。注意C中asmuch…ashecan意思太绝对，不妥。

2.[B]推理判断题。Beth的故事是为了证明第1段提出的观点，主要依据第2段第1句，第3段最后一句再次印证。核心词为askfor。

3.[A]推理判断题。从Beth的故事中不难总结出：如果你要求加薪或提升，你可能就会得到满足;你如果不要求，老板就可能不予考虑。因此在salaryincrease中含有很大的主观因素，故而unfair。直接依据为第3段第1句。

4.[D]事实细节题。根据倒数第3段，performance“工作表现”，timing“抓住时机”和information“利用信息”是加薪的三大筹码。D与其中对timing的阐述一致。

5.[C]事实细节题。最后一段指出，带着准备好的筹码去跟老板商谈加薪，并在合适的时候拿出来,而且要运用一定的交际手段引导谈判的发展方向，即C。注意其中placeyourchipsonthetableattheappropriatetime“在适当的时候拿出筹码”不等于A中的meethisbossattheappropriatetime。

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