2016年12月英语四级阅读理解练习题及答案(三)思维导图
When families gather for Christmas dinner, some will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandma’s generation. Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver, and
树图思维导图提供 2016年12月英语四级阅读理解练习题及答案(三) 在线思维导图免费制作，点击“编辑”按钮，可对 2016年12月英语四级阅读理解练习题及答案(三) 进行在线思维导图编辑，本思维导图属于思维导图模板主题，文件编号是：34179cca4d33868f2f374cc186993c22
思维导图大纲
2016年12月英语四级阅读理解练习题及答案(三)思维导图模板大纲
WhenfamiliesgatherforChristmasdinner,somewillsticktoformaltraditionsdatingbacktoGrandma’sgeneration.Theirtableswillbesetwiththegooddishesandsilver,andthedresscodewillbeSunday-best.
Butinmanyotherhomes,thischina--and--silverelegancehasgivenwaytostoneware(粗陶)--and--stainlessinformality,withdressesassuminganequallycasual--Fridaylook.Forhostsandguests,thechangemeansgreatersimplicityandcomfort.FormakersoffinechinainBritain,itspellseconomichardtimes.
LastweekRoyalDoulton,thelargestemployerinStoke-onTrent,announcedthatitiseliminating1,000jobs--one-fifthofitstotalworkforce.Thatbringstomorethan4,000thenumberofpositionslostin18monthsinthepottery(陶瓷)region.Wedgwoodandotherpotteryfactoriesmadecutsearlier.
AlthoughastrongpoundandweakmarketsinAsiaplayaroleinthedownsizing,thelayoffsinStokehavetheirrootsinearthshakingsocialshifts.AspokesmanforRoyalDoultonadmittedthatthecompany“hasbeensomewhatslowincatchingupwiththetrend”towardcasualdining.Familieseattogetherlessoften,heexplained,andmorepeopleeatalone,eitherbecausetheyaresingleortheyeatinfrontoftelevision.
Evendinnerparties,iftheyhappenatall,havegonecausal.Inatimeoflongworkhoursanddemandingfamilyschedules,busyhostsinsist,rightly,thatit’sbettertoshareatakeoutpizzaonpaperplatesinthefamilyroomthantowaitfortheperfectmomentora“real”dinnerparty.Toooften,theperfectmomentnevercomes,Ironafine-pattenedtablecloth?Forgetit.Polishthesilver?Whohastime?
Yetthelossofformalityhasitsdownside.Thefinepointsofetiquette(礼节)thatchildrenmightoncehavelearnedatthetablebyobservationorinstructionfromparentsandgrandparents(“Chewwithyourmouthclosed.”“keepyourelbowsoffthetable.”)mustbepickedupelsewhere.Somecompaniesnowofferetiquetteseminarsforemployeeswhomaybecompetentprofessionallybutcluelesssocially.
练习题：
Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:
1.Thetrendtowardcasualdininghasresultedin______
A.bankruptcyoffinechinamanufacturers
B.Shrinkingofthepotteryindustry
C.restructuringoflargeenterprises
D.EconomicrecessioninGreatBritain
2.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebestreasonforcasualdining?
A.Familymembersneedmoretimetorelax.
B.Busyschedulesleavepeoplenotimeforformality.
C.Peoplewanttopracticeeconomyintimesofscarcity.
D.Youngpeoplewon’tfollowtheetiquetteoftheoldergeneration.
3.ItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatRoyalDoultonis_______
A.aretailerofstainlesssteeltableware
B.adealerinstoneware
C.apotterychainstore
D.aproduceroffinechina
4.Themaincauseofthelayoffsinthepotteryindustryis_______
A.theincreasedvalueofthepound
B.theeconomicrecessioninAsia
C.thechangeinpeople’swayoflife
D.thefiercecompetitionathomeandabroad
5.Refinedtablemanners,thoughlesspopularthanbeforeincurrentsociallife,_______
A.arestillamustoncertainoccasions
B.areboundtoreturnsoonerorlater
C.arestillbeingtaughtbyparentsathome
D.Canhelpimprovepersonalrelationships
答案：
1.[B]推理判断题。首先依据题目中的casualdining找到第2段中的informality。其后有两个for引导的介词短语，后一个说“对于英国精致瓷器的制造商来说，这(informality)意味着经济困难时期”;此外,第3段用数据具体指出陶瓷业裁员之严重，说明陶瓷业在萎缩，即B。A、D均属夸大事实，C与文章内容无关。
2.[B]事实细节题。根据倒数第2段第2句中指出现今休闲文化流行的背景：工作时间长，家庭生活节奏紧张,B中的Busyschedules与文中的demandingfamilyschedules对应，故为答案。
3.[D]事实细节题。RoyalDoulton在文章中出现过两次：第3段说它裁员，因为人们用餐越来越随意(不再讲究餐具的精致);第4段中“AspokesmanforRoyalDoultonadmittedthatthecompany...”，暗示公司的性质，可以推断它是精制器皿的生产者。
4.[C]事实细节题。根据题目中的thelayoffs找到文章第4段首句，其中的havetheirrootsin相当于题目中的maincauseis,shifts相当于C中的change。其实本题与第1题是交叉相关的，从第1题的题目可找到本题的答案。
5.[A]事实细节题。根据最后一段，特别是第2句“Thefinepointsofetiquette...mustbepickedupelsewhere良好的餐桌礼仪必须在其他地方被重拾起来”，可知礼仪在某些场合还是必要的，故答案为A。
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