2016年6月英语四级考试：仔细阅读练习(8)思维导图
There is evidence that the usual variety of high blood pressure is, in part, a familial disease. Since families have similar genes as well as similar environments, familial diseas
树图思维导图提供 2016年6月英语四级考试：仔细阅读练习(8) 在线思维导图免费制作，点击“编辑”按钮，可对 2016年6月英语四级考试：仔细阅读练习(8) 进行在线思维导图编辑，本思维导图属于思维导图模板主题，文件编号是：29ecc8e0afbd8899c4d063e4c0db47f2
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2016年6月英语四级考试：仔细阅读练习(8)思维导图模板大纲
Thereisevidencethattheusualvarietyofhighbloodpressureis,inpart,afamilialdisease.Sincefamilieshavesimilargenesaswellassimilarenvironments,familialdiseasescouldbeduetosharedgeneticinfluences,tosharedenvironmentalfactors,ortoboth.Forsomeyears,theroleofone
environmentfactorcommonlysharedbyfamilies,namelydietarysalt(i.e.,sodiumchloride),hasbeenstudiedatBrookhavenNationalLaboratory.Thesestudiessuggestthatlongexcesssaltintakecanleadtohighbloodpressureinmanandanimals.Someindividuals,however,andsomeratsconsumelargeamountsofsaltwithoutdevelopinghighbloodpressure.Nomatterhowstrictlyallenvironmentalfactorswerecontrolledintheseexperiments,somesalt-fedanimalsneverdevelopedhypertensionwhereasafewrapidlydevelopedveryseverehypertensionfollowedbyearlydeath.Thesemarkedvariationswereinterpretedtoresultfromdifferencesingeneticconstitution.
Bymatinglongsuccessivegenerationsofthoseanimalsthatfailedtodevelophypertensionfromsaltintake,aresistantstrain(the"R"strain)hasbeenevolvedinwhichconsumptionoflargequantitiesofsaltfailstoinfluencethebloodpressuresignificantly.Incontrast,bymatingonlyanimalsthatquicklydevelophypertensionfromsalt,sensitivestrain(the"S"strain)hasalsobeendeveloped.
Theavailabilityofthesetwostrainspermitsinvestigationspossible.Theyprovideaplausiblelaboratorymodelonwhichtoinvestigatesomeclinicalaspectsofthehumanhypertension.Moreimportant,theremightbethepossibilityofdevelopingmethodsbywhichgeneticsusceptibility(敏感性)ofhumanbeingstohighbloodpressurecanbedefinedwithoutwaitingforitsappearance.Radioactivesodium22wasanimportant"tool"inworkingoutthecharacteristicsofthesodiumchloridemetabolism.
21.Thestudyoftheeffectsofsaltonhighbloodpressurewascarriedout_______.
A.asmembersofthesamefamilytendtousesimilaramountsofsalt
B.toexplorethelong-termuseofasodiumbasedsubstance
C.becauseitwasproventhatsaltcausedhighbloodpressure
D.becauseoftheavailabilityofchemicallypuresaltanditsderivatives
22.Themaindifferencebetween"S"and"R"ratsistheir_______.
A.needforsodium22B.rateofmating
C.reactiontosaltD.typeofblood
23.Wecaninferfromthearticlethatsodium22canbeusedto_______.
A.controlhighbloodpressure
B.curehighbloodpressurecausedbysalt
C.tellthe"S"ratsfromthe"R"rats
D.determinewhatasodiumchloridemetabolismislike
24.Themostbeneficialresultsoftheresearchmightbe_______.
A.developmentofdietsfreeofsalt
B.anearlycureforhighbloodpressure
C.controlofgeneticagentsthatcausehighbloodpressure
D.theearlyidentificationofpotentialhighbloodpressurevictims
25.Whichofthestatementsbestrelatesthemainideaofthisarticle?
A.Whensaltisaddedratsandhumanbeingsreactsimilarly.
B.Thenearfuturewillseeacureforhighbloodpressure.
C.Themedicalfieldisdesperatelyinneedofresearch.
D.Atendencytowardhighbloodpressuremaybeahereditaryfactor.
答案：21.A22.C23.D24.D25.D
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