2015年12月英语四级阅读真题练习及答案3思维导图
In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressfu
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思维导图大纲
2015年12月英语四级阅读真题练习及答案3思维导图模板大纲
Inthe1960s,medicalresearchersThomasHolmesandRichardRahedevelopedachecklistofstressfulevents.Theyappreciatedthetrickypointthatanymajorchangecanbestressful.Negativeeventslike“seriousillnessofafamilymember”werehighonthelist,butsoweresomepositivelife-changingevents,likemarriage.WhenyoutaketheHolmes-Rahetestyoumustrememberthatthescoredoesnotreflecthowyoudealwithstress—it
onlyshowshowmuchyouhavetodealwith.Andwenowknowthatthewayyouhandletheseeventsdramaticallyaffectsyourchancesofstayinghealthy.
Bytheearly1970s,hundredsofsimilarstudieshadfollowedHolmesandRahe.AndmillionsofAmericanswhoworkandliveunderstressworriedoverthereports.Somehow,theresearchgotboileddowntoamemorablemessage.Women’smagazinesranheadlineslike“Stresscausesillness!”Ifyouwanttostayphysicallyandmentallyhealthy,thearticlessaid,avoidstressfulevents.
Butsuchsimplisticadviceisimpossibletofollow.Evenifstressfuleventsaredangerous,many—likethedeathofalovedone—areimpossibletoavoid.Moreover,anywarningtoavoidallstressfuleventsisaprescription(处方)forstayingawayfromopportunitiesaswellastrouble.Sinceanychangecanbestressful,apersonwhowantedtobecompletelyfreeofstresswouldnevermarry,haveachild,takeanewjobormove.
Thenotionthatallstressmakesyousickalsoignoresalotofwhatweknowaboutpeople.Itassumeswe’reallvulnerable(脆弱的)andpassiveinthefaceofadversity(逆境).Butwhatabouthumaninitiativeandcreativity?Manycomethroughperiodsofstresswithmorephysicalandmentalvigorthantheyhadbefore.Wealsoknowthatalongtimewithoutchangeorchallengecanleadtoboredom,andphysicalandmetalstrain.
1.TheresultofHolmes-Rahe’smedicalresearchtellsus________.
A)thewayyouhandlemajoreventsmaycausestress
B)whatshouldbedonetoavoidstress
C)whatkindofeventwouldcausestress
D)howtocopewithsuddenchangesinlife
2.Thestudiesonstressintheearly1970’sledto________.
A)widespreadconcernoveritsharmfuleffects
B)greatpanicoverthementaldisorderitcouldcause
C)anintensiveresearchintostress-relatedillnesses
D)popularavoidanceofstressfuljobs
3.ThescoreoftheHolmes-Rahetestshows________.
A)howmuchpressureyouareunder
B)howpositiveeventscanchangeyourlife
C)howstressfulamajoreventcanbe
D)howyoucandealwithlife-changingevents
4.Whyis“suchsimplisticadvice”(Line1,Para.3)impossibletofollow?
A)Noonecanstayonthesamejobforlong.
B)Noprescriptioniseffectiveinrelievingstress.
C)Peoplehavetogetmarriedsomeday.
D)Youcouldbemissingopportunitiesaswell.
5.Accordingtothepassagepeoplewhohaveexperiencedupsanddownsmaybecome____.
A)nervouswhenfacedwithdifficulties
B)physicallyandmentallystrained
C)morecapableofcopingwithadversity
D)indifferenttowardwhathappenstothem
参考答案
1.C2.A3.A4.D5.C
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