2016年12月英语六级听力在线练习(71)思维导图

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2016年12月英语六级听力在线练习(71)思维导图

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2016年12月英语六级听力在线练习(71)

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ControversyOverVoterIDLawsContinuesinUSPresidentialElection

选民证法案争议围绕整个美国大选

GREENSBORO,NORTHCAROLINA—AsmillionsofAmericanstakepartinearlyvotingacrosstheU.S.,manyarecastingtheirballotsamidabackdropofnewvotinglawsinnearlythreedozenstatesthatrequirevoterstoproduceidentificationbeforetheyareallowedtocasttheirballots.

Thehistoryofsuchlawsarecontroversial.

MorestateshavebeenrequiringthissincetheSeptember11,2001,terroristattacks.

"Thereweresomewhohadsaidthiswouldbeawaytobeabletopreventpeoplefromillegallyobtainingtherighttovote,perhapshavingterroristswhohavetherighttovote.Soallofasudden,therewasthisdiscussionofwhetheridentificationshouldberequired,"AndraGillespie,apoliticalanalyst,said.

StrictervoterIDlaws

ButinstateslikeNorthCarolinawhichhadastrictvoterIDlawsince2013,acourtstruckdowntherequirementearlierthisyear,sayingitdiscriminatedagainstAfrican-Americans.

Someblackvoterssaythelawhadracistintentions.

"Tosuppress,fearandintimidateus[blackvoters].Whatarethey[theylawmakers]afraidof?Letpeopleexercisetheirrighttovotetheirchoice,"saidThomasFowler,astateresidentandvoter.

Butstudiessuggestadecade-oldvoterIDlawinGeorgiahashadlittleimpactonsuppressingthevote.

"OneoftheironiesofthevoteridentificationlawhereinGeorgiaisthatithasnothadanadverseeffectonAfricanAmericanvoterturnout.So,infact,AfricanAmericanturnouthasactuallyincreasedinGeorgiasincethepassageofthevoterIDlaws,"Gillespiesaid.

ProponentsofthestrictvoterIDrequirementssaytheyaredesignedtoeliminatewidespreadvotingfraud.Butcriticscontendthere'snoevidenceofwidespreadfraud.

Voterfraudpenalties

IndependentvoterScottHerricksaysitwouldbefoolishtocommitvoterfraudbecausethepenaltiesaresevere.

"WhatisthepayoffforitifIgoandtrytopretendIamsomebodyelseandcastoneballotandriskyearsofjail,"Herricksaid.

NorthCarolinapoliticalscienceprofessorCharlesPrysbysaysvoterfraudisnotaproblem.

"Therearedifferentkindsofvoterfraud.Buttheonethatalmostneveroccursispeoplecomingdowninpersonandtryingtoimpersonatesomeoneelse,"Prysbysaid.

Politicalanalystssaythey'llbewatchingtoseeifvoterIDlawshaveanegativeimpactonturnoutamongotherminoritygroupsinthiselectionsuchasAsian-AmericansandLatinovoters.