2013年12月英语四级考试听力备考笔记(25)思维导图
Paper is one of the most important products ever invented by man. Wide spread use of written language would not have been possible without some cheap and practical material to wri
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思维导图大纲
2013年12月英语四级考试听力备考笔记(25)思维导图模板大纲
Paperisoneofthemostimportantproductseverinventedbyman.Widespreaduseofwrittenlanguagewouldnothavebeenpossiblewithoutsomecheapandpracticalmaterialtowriteon.Theinventionofpapermeantmorepeoplecouldbeeducatedbecausemorebookscouldbeprintedanddistributed.Togetherwiththeprintingpress,paperprovidedanextremelyimportantwaytocommunicateknowledge.
Howmuchpaperdoyouuseeveryyear?Probablyyoucannotanswerthatquestionquickly.In1900theworld'suseofpaperwasaboutonekilogramforeachpersonayear.Nowsomecountriesuseasmuchas50kilogramsofpaperforeachpersonayear.CountriesliketheUnitedStates,EnglandandSwedenusemorepaperthanothercountries.
Paper,likemanyotherthingsthatweusetoday,wasfirstmadeinChina.InEgyptandtheWest,paperwasnotverycommonlyusedbeforetheyear1400.TheEgyptianswroteonakindofmaterialmadeofawaterplant.Europeansusedparchmentformanyhundredsofyears.Parchmentwasverystrong;itwasmadefromtheskinofcertainyounganimals.WehavelearntofthemostimportantfactsofEuropeanhistoryfromrecordsthatwerekeptonparchment.
Questions17to20arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
17.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedabouttheinventionofpaper?
18.WhendidtheEgyptiansbegintousepaperwidely?
19.Whichofthefollowingcountriesusesmostpaperforeachpersonayear?
20.Whatisthemainideaofthisshorttalk?
[P43-Three]
topic题，四个选项中有and应优先考虑
题型总结：
SectionA:
1、but题型2、场景题(线索词)3、替换题(听到什么不选什么)
SectionB:
1、主观题(找积极态度，正面评价)2、客观题(数字题，听到什么选什么)
3、宏观题(中心思想题)4、细节题(注意中间的提示词)
替换题paraphrase：
1、词组与词的替换(一般题干中出现词组;选项中出现词)。
比如：runintosb.=meetsb.calloff=cancel
2、词与词替换(同义词或者反义词替换)
比如：interesting=stimulating;fascinating;exciting;notboring
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