2013年12月英语四级考试听力备考笔记(17)思维导图

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2013年12月英语四级考试听力备考笔记(17)思维导图

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　　数字题(客观题)：听到什么选什么　　中心思想题：文章开头的名词，文章中间的高频词，选项中的小词(development, evolution, formation, invention, new, special, effect) 　　细节题：first, most, be

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2013年12月英语四级考试听力备考笔记(17)思维导图模板大纲

数字题(客观题)：听到什么选什么

中心思想题：文章开头的名词，文章中间的高频词，选项中的小词(development,evolution,formation,invention,new,special,effect)

细节题：first,most,because,only,just

[P28-One]

11.A)Theyoftentakeplaceinhermajorindustries.

B)Britishtradeunionsaremorepowerful.

C)TherearemoretradeunionmembersinBritain.

D)Britainlosesmoreworkingdaysthroughstrikeseveryyear.

12.A)SuchstrikesareagainsttheBritishlaw.

B)Suchstrikesareunpredictable.

C)Suchstrikesinvolveworkersfromdifferenttrades.

D)Suchstrikesoccurfrequentlythesedays.

13.A)TradeunionsinBritainarebecomingmorepopular.

B)MoststrikesinBritainareagainsttheBritishlaw.

C)UnofficialstrikesinBritainareeasiertodealwithnow.

D)Employer-workerrelationsinBritainhavebecometenser.

StrikesareverycommoninBritain.Theyareextremelyharmfultoitsindustries.Infact,thereareothercountriesinWesternEuropethatlosemoreworkingdaysthroughstrikeseveryyearthanBritain.ThetroublewiththestrikesinBritainisthattheyoccurinessentialindustries.Thereareover495unionsinBritain.Someunionsareverysmall.Over20havemorethan100,000members.Unionsdonotexistonlytodemandhigherwages.Theyalsoeducatetheirmembers.Theyprovidebenefitsforthesickandtrytoimproveworkingconditions.Tradeunionerssaythatwemustthanktheunionsforthegreatimprovementinworkingconditionsinthelasthundredyears.Itisnowagainstthelawforunionmemberstogoonstrikewithoutthesupportoftheirunion.Thiskindofstrikeiscalledtheunofficialstrikeandwascommonuntilrecently.Employersfeelthatunofficialstrikesweremostharmfulbecausetheywouldnotbepredicted.However,theseunofficialstrikesstilloccurfromtimetotimeandsomeunionshavealsorefusedtocooperatewiththelaw.Asaresult,thegeneralpictureoftherelationsbetweenworkersandemployersinBritainhasgonefrombadtoworse.

Questions11to13arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

11.InwhatwayarestrikesinBritaindifferentfromthoseinotherEuropeancountries?(开头)

12.WhyareBritishemployerssoafraidofunofficialstrikes?(most,because)

13.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthispassage?(结尾Asaresult)

注：Unionsdonotexistonlytodemandhigherwages.【否定转移】

一个句子中(无标点)，如果前面是否定，后面表达的是原因、结果和目的，那么前面的not否定的是句子后面的原因、结果和目的，而并非是谓语动词。

Ididn'tspend3hoursrepairingyourvacuumcleanersothatitcouldsitinthecloset.

Ididn'tteachbecauseit'seasy.

[P49-Two]

15.A)Howtohandlespiders.

B)SpidersintheUnitedStates.

C)People'sfearofspiders.

D)Aspecialkindofspider.

16.A)Mostspiderswillnotbiteevenwhenhandled.

B)Mostspidersarepoisonousanddangerous.

C)Mostspidersarelikelytoattackpeople.

D)Mostspidershavesharpeyes.

17.A)Becauseshecannotfindahusbandforherself.

B)Becausethefemalespiderislargerthanthemaleone.

C)Becausethefemalespiderofteneatsherhusband.

D)Becausesheisablackfemalespider.

Youshouldnotfearspidersbecauseoftheirpoison.OfallthespidersinNorthAmerica,onlyonekindisreallydangerousandmostwouldnotbiteeveniftheywerehandled.Theymuchprefertorunawayortodroptothegroundonathreadofsilk.Evenso,whenaspiderrunsdirectlytowardaperson,itgivestheimpressionthatitisabouttoattack.Actually,itcannotseethepersoninitsway.Thespideristooshort-sightedtoseethingsatadistance.Itonlywantstogowhereitwillnotbedisturbed.IntheUnitedStatesonekindofspiderisresponsibleforthefrighteningreputationoftherest.ItistheBlackWidow.Socalledbecausethefemale,whichislargerthanthemale,ofteneatsherhusbandaftermakinglove.TheBlackWidowisfoundinallstatesbutismostcommoninthesouthandthewest.Sheconstructsaloose,irregularwebunderapileofrowansornearthefoundationsofbuildingswheresheisseldomdisturbed.Sheisnotanattackingspiderandmanypeoplehaveproventhisbylettinghercrawlovertheirhands.Whenshebites,itisusuallyinself-defence.Inspiteofthestoriesyoumayhaveheard,itisrareforapersontobebittenbyaBlackWidowandevenmoreunusualforthebitetoprovefatal.Butrememberthatherpoisonispowerfulandeventhoughsheisshy,sheshouldberespected.

Questions15to17arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

15.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

16.Whatdowelearnaboutspidersfromthepassage?(only,most)