大学英语四级美文欣赏：快乐的人比较长寿思维导图
Be happy. Live longer. No, it's not that simple, but new research says happy lives are longer —by 35%. The study, published today in the journal Proceedings of t
树图思维导图提供 大学英语四级美文欣赏：快乐的人比较长寿 在线思维导图免费制作，点击“编辑”按钮，可对 大学英语四级美文欣赏：快乐的人比较长寿 进行在线思维导图编辑，本思维导图属于思维导图模板主题，文件编号是：6382b9911f5b77f01d4d19de7eba09e8
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大学英语四级美文欣赏：快乐的人比较长寿思维导图模板大纲
Behappy.Livelonger.
No,it'snotthatsimple,butnewresearchsayshappylivesarelonger—by35%.
Thestudy,publishedtodayinthejournalProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,foundthatthosewhoreportedfeelinghappiesthada35%reducedriskofdyingcomparedwiththosewhoreportedfeelingleasthappy.
Ratherthanrelyonrecollectionsabouttheirfeelingsofhappinessasinearlierstudies,thisBritishstudyof3,853participantsages52-79ratedtheirfeelingsatdifferenttimesononeparticularday.Fiveyearslater,researchersrecordedthenumberwhodiedandcontrolledforavarietyoffactors,includingage,gender,health,wealth,educationandmaritalstatus.
relyon依靠；依赖
Thisapproach"getsclosertomeasuringhowpeopleactuallyfeel"ratherthanrelyingonrecollectionsorgeneralquestionsaboutwell-being,saysepidemiologistAndrewSteptoe,apsychologyprofessoratUniversityCollegeinLondon,whoco-authoredthestudy.
epidemiologistn.流行病学家
Howhappyapersonisatanypointintime,hesays,isaproductof"somebackgrounddispositionsomepeopletendtobehappierthanothers,"butalso"whattheyaredoing,whotheyarewith,andotherfeaturesofthatpointintime.Bothareimportant."
"It'sperfectlytruethatsomeone'shappinessoverasingledaywillbeaffectedbywhathappenstothemoverthatperiod,"Steptoesays."However,surveyexpertsandpsychologistshavecometotheviewthatinmanyways,thisisabetterapproachtounderstandinghowpeopleactuallyfeelthanaskingthemgeneralquestionsabouthowhappytheyare.Responsestogeneralquestionsareinfluencedstronglybypersonality,bywhatpeoplethinkthey'ought'tosayandbyrecollectionsthatmightnotbequiteaccurate,"Steptoesays.
What'snotclear,hesays,iswhetherhappyfeelingsarethekeytolongevityorifit'ssomethingelsethatcausesextendedlife."Wecan'tdrawthekindoffinalconclusionthatthehappinessisleadingdirectlytobettersurvival,"hesays.
longevityn.长寿；寿命
drawaconclusion下结论
Otherswhohavedoneresearchinthisareabuthaven'treadthestudysaythislinkbetweenaone-daymeasureandmortalityisimportant.
"Thefactthatpositiveemotionsinonedaypredictedsurvivalisprettyamazing,"saysSonjaLyubomirsky,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Riverside.
"Wedoknowthathappinessisassociatedwithanextendedlifespan,"shesays.Ifwecangetpeopletobehappier,wouldthatextendthelifespan?Wedon'tknowthatyet.Futureresearchcandefinitelytrytoshowthat."
ArthurStone,aprofessorofpsychiatryandpsychologyatStonyBrookUniversityinNewYork,whohasusedmeasurementsoverthecourseofadayinhisresearch,saysthefactthattheresearchers"gotarelationshipwithmortalitymeansthattherelationshipmustbefairlyrobustbecausetheyonlyhad3,800peopleandtheywereonlymeasuringtheoneday."
psychiatryn.精神病学
robustadj.强健的；健康的
Andwhatifsomewhoweremeasuredonthatonedaywerejusthavingabadday?
"A'badday'shouldweakentherelationship,"Stonesays."Whatit'ssayingisthereareenoughpeopleherethatpeoplehavingodddaysdidn'treallymatterverymuch.Somepeoplehadbaddaysandsomehadgooddays.Iftheyhadbeenabletomeasureseveraldayswiththesetechniques,onewouldguessthattherelationshipwouldbeevenstronger."
LauraKubzansky,anassociateprofessorintheDepartmentofSociety,HumanDevelopmentandHealth,atHarvard'sSchoolofPublicHealthinBoston,saysthere'sa"burgeoningbodyofworkthatsuggestspositivepsychologicalfunctioningbenefitshealth,"andthisstudyissignificantbecauseit"addstothearsenal."
"Itcouldsaytopeople,youshouldtakeyourmoodseriously,"Kubzanskysays."Ithinkpeoplesortofundervalueemotionallifeanyway.Thishighlightstheideathatifyouaregoingthroughaperiodwhereyou'reconsistentlydistressed,it'sprobablyworthpayingattentiontohowyoufeel—itmattersforbothpsychologicalandphysicalhealth."
sortof有点儿；稍稍
highlightv.突出；强调；使显著
distressedadj.痛苦的；忧虑的
Thisstudyaskedparticipantstoratehowhappy,excitedandcontenttheyfeltatfourpointsduringasingleday—7a.m.,7p.m.andahalf-houraftereach.Theyusedaratingscalefrom1("notatall")to4("extremely").
"Generally,theywerelesshappywhentheywokeupandmosthappyat7p.m.,"Steptoesays.
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