Marriage and Mate selection(GE2109-w思维导图
婚姻和择偶介绍
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思维导图大纲
Marriage and Mate selection(GE2109-Week9)思维导图模板大纲
Mating system
Monogamy
Precede democracy and voting right for woman
Improve child welfare (low rate of rape // kidnap // murder
Polygamy
Multiple wives // husband
increase the level of rape // kipbap // murder etc
Division of labour
Men
“Outside” tasks
Women
“Inside” tasks
They think the division of labour is fair—satisfied with both division of labour and marriage life
Marital Satisfaction
Satisfied with the marriage or not
Measure
Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale (KMS)
Research conclusion
Married couples = more happiness, less loneliness and stress than unmarried // separated // divorced etc
Equally happy immediate ( 1yr), luv of happiness decrease when time pass, decline may continuous
Traits // personality attributes and disposition may influence
Research
cross-sectional correlation ( u shaped curved )
婚姻滿意度在早婚時最高，中年下降，晚婚時再度上升
Longitudinal
satisfaction on average declines over time
Marriage
Long-term mating arrangement
Homogamy
partner resemble them in age // race edu level etc
Exogamy
marry partner outside of their own family
Types
collectivist
individual to subordinate their individual goal to the gp
as a vehical for maintaining social order
binding families tgt
Some = duty to accept the arrangement
individualistic
Personal compatibility and mutual attraction
Chinese
customary
2+ wifes
Outlawed in 1971
Traditional
roles and responsibilities allocated by gender
males: econ and decision making
domestic tasks // managing children at home
子主题 7
Egalitarian ( equal-stage ) marriage
share roles in all aspects in married live
social support // caregiving // affection // emotion // financial resources // parenting skills // domestic labour
high levels of mutual respect+lower level of anger and conflicts
True egalitarian is difficult
真正的平等在婚姻中很難實現，因此傳統婚姻的改良形式或近等同齡婚姻很常見
Trends
rate decrease
1/3 had not married, but expected to be married at least once in their life
Age increase
marriages getting longer
婚姻壽命越來越長
Egalitarian // peer type of marriage
marriage-love and affection, not reproduction and economic security
refuce enter marriage with no love
Divorce rate
increase
US highest , not Korea”peak”
US
duration: 7-8 yrs
-50%new marriage gged
50+% 2nd marriage gged
First few years in the marriage+high risk of divorce
divorced women much more like to live in poverty
Factors
Greater social acceptance
liberal divorce laws
fewer children
greater family income
more oppo for women
Transformation of marriage
Postmodern efforts to denaturalise marriage and redefine the nature
ie Gay marriage
Strongly favour “ couplehood “+ long term monogamous relationships over at her arrangements and romantic relationships
Acceptance of same-sex marriage
19/89 Denmark first country recognise legal relationship for same-sex cp
承認同性伴侶合法關係
2000 Netherlands=first country establish same-sex marriage
Increase
Marriage
Cohabitation decrease, marriage increase
Cohabitation
resemble marriage
committed pair bond // monogamous union—living tgt, coordinate their economic social and sexual activities
notlegally formalised // sanctioned
未被正式認可
Views
precursor to marriage
replacement of marriage
another phase // stage of commitment
trial marriage
Reasons
”anti-marriage”
avoid of divorce
fear of commitment
test of compatibility
expectation of a future relationship
independence
Rates
increase
more even distribution of roles and responsibility in cohabitation
Commonly seen in younger group
Marital outcomes
only 40% of them finally got married
test of compatibility
iron out their different
Strengthen out their relationship before making a formal commitment
no exciting research support this statement
Effect
Before // After-engagement & Non-premarital cohabitation
訂婚前 // 後 // 結婚後 cohabitation
Before
lower marital satisfaction
less dedication to relationship
nagative communication
greater likely to get divorce
Cohabitating early=greater risk for poor material outcomes
Marital outcomes
cohabiters=more benefit outcomes
demonstrate a more equitable allocation of household tasks than cp didn’t cohabit
usually a more equal division of household labor
Positive
share expenses
learn about each other
avoidresponsibility of pn’s debts
Cons
no legal entanglements
Easy to leave the relationship
lower lv of happiness // sexual enjoyment // well being than married cp
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