2011年最新合同法的英文译文思维导图

第九条当事人订立合同(hetong)，应当具有相应的民事权利能力和民事行为能力。当事人依法可以委托代理人订立合同。

Article 9Capacity;Contract through Agent In entering into acontract,the parties shall have the appropriate capacities for civil rights and civil acts.A party may appoint an agent to enter into acontract on its behalf under the law.

第十条当事人订立合同，有书面形式、口头形式和其他形式。法律、行政法规规定采用书面形式的，应当采用书面形式。当事人约定采用书面形式的，应当采用书面形式。

Article 10 Forms of Contract;Writing Requirement Acontract may be made in awriting,in an oral conversation,as well as in any other form.A contract shall be in writing if arelevant law or administrative regulation so requires.A contract shall be in writing if the parties have so agreed.

第十一条书面形式是指合同书、信件和数据电文(包括电报、电传、传真、电子数据交换和电子邮件)等可以有形地表现所载内容的形式。Article 11 Definition of Writing Awriting means amemorandum of contract,letter or electronic message(including telegram,telex,facsimile,electronic data exchange and electronic mail),etc.which is capable of expressing its contents in atangible form.

第十二条合同的内容由当事人约定，一般包括以下条款：(一)当事人的名称或者姓名和住所;(二)标的;(三)数量;(四)质量;(五)价款或者报酬;(六)履行期限、地点和方式;(七)违约责任;(八)解决争议的方法。当事人可以参照各类合同的示范文本订立合同。

Article 12 Terms of Contract The terms of acontract shall be prescribed by the parties,and generally include the following：(i)names of the parties and the domiciles thereof;(ii)subject matter;(iii)quantity;(iv)quality;(v)price or remuneration;(vi)time,place and method of performance;(vii)liabilities for breach of contract;(viii)method of dispute resolution.The parties may enter into acontract by referencing amodel contract for the relevant contract category.

第十三条当事人订立合同，采取要约、承诺方式。

Article 13 Offer-Acceptance Acontract is concluded by the exchange of an offer and an acceptance.

第十四条要约是希望和他人订立合同的意思表示，该意思表示应当符合下列规定：(一)内容具体确定;(二)表明经受要约人承诺，要约人即受该意思表示约束。

Article 14 Definition of Offer An offer is aparty's manifestation of intention to enter into acontract with the other party,which shall comply with the following：(i)Its terms are specific and definite;(ii)It indicates that upon acceptance by the offeree,the offeror will be bound thereby.

第十五条要约邀请是希望他人向自己发出要约的意思表示。寄送的价目表、拍卖公告、招标公告、招股说明书、商业广告等为要约邀请。商业广告的内容符合要约规定的，视为要约。

Article 15 Invitation to Offer An invitation to offer is aparty's manifestation of intention to invite the other party to make an offer thereto.A delivered price list,announcement of auction,call for tender,prospectus,or commercial advertisement,etc.is an invitation to offer.A commercial advertisement is deemed an offer if its contents meet the requirements of an offer.

第十六条要约到达受要约人时生效。采用数据电文形式订立合同，收件人指定特定系统接收数据电文的，该数据电文进入该特定系统的时间，视为到达时间;未指定特定系统的，该数据电文进入收件人的任何系统的首次时间，视为到达时间。

Article 16 Effectiveness of Offer,Offer through Electronic Message An offer becomes effective when it reaches the offeree.When acontract is concluded by the exchange of electronic messages,if the recipient of an electronic message has designated aspecific system to receive it,the time when the electronic message enters into such specific system is deemed its time of arrival;if no specific system has been designated,the time when the electronic message first enters into any of the recipient's systems is deemed its time of arrival.

第十七条要约可以撤回。撤回要约的通知应当在要约到达受要约人之前或者与要约同时到达受要约人。

Article 17 Withdrawal of Offer An offer may be withdrawn.The notice of withdrawal shall reach the offeree before or at the same time as the offer.

第十八条要约可以撤销。撤销要约的通知应当在受要约人发出承诺通知之前到达受要约人。

Article 18 Revocation of Offer An offer may be revoked.The notice of revocation shall reach the offeree before it has dispatched anotice of acceptance.

第十九条有下列情形之一的，要约不得撤销：(一)要约人确定了承诺期限或者以其他形式明示要约不可撤销;(二)受要约人有理由认为要约是不可撤销的，并已经为履行合同作了准备工作。

Article 19 Irrevocable Offer An offer may not be revoked：(i)if it expressly indicates,whether by stating afixed time for acceptance or otherwise,that it is irrevocable;(ii)if the offeree has reason to regard the offer as irrevocable,and has undertaken preparation for performance.

第二十条有下列情形之一的，要约失效：(一)拒绝要约的通知到达要约人;(二)要约人依法撤销要约;(三)承诺期限届满，受要约人未作出承诺;(四)受要约人对要约的内容作出实质性变更。

Article 20 Extinguishment of Offer An offer is extinguished in any of the following circumstances：(i)The notice of rejection reaches the offeror;(ii)The offeror lawfully revokes the offer;(iii)The offeree fails to dispatch its acceptance at the end of the period for acceptance;(iv)The offeree makes amaterial change to the terms of the offer

推荐阅读：合同法全文