四六级作文的题材和体裁(一）思维导图

思维导图大纲

四六级作文的题材和体裁(一）思维导图模板大纲

一、四六级写作的要求

四级作文和六级作文的要求基本是相同的。

1．篇幅：120-150字

达不到字数要求的，要酌情扣1-5分；

90-99扣1分，80-90扣2分，70-79扣3分，60-69扣5分；

2．布局：三段式

只写一段为0-4分，只写两段0-9分；

3．评分标准：

2分---条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误,但多数为严重错误；

5分-基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误；

8分-基本切题。有些地方表达思想不过清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误；

11分-切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误；

14分-切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好。基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错误。

例如：

1）有人认为机会是极少的

2）有人认为机会人人都有

3）我的看法

Sample1

Astotheopportunity,thereistwodifferentopinions:first,someonethinktheopportunityislittleintheirlife.Secondly,someoneconsiderthatopportunityisexistingeverywhereeverybodyhassomekindsofchance.AccordingtomylifeexperimentandknowledgeIagreewiththesecondidea.Thereischanceforeveryoneinsomeunexpectedcase.Butifyouhasnopreparingforit,theopportunitywilllose.Thosewhohavemanypreparationandmuchknowledge,andsomegoodvirtue,mayIquiptheopportunityfirmly.Forexample,twomanareappealingforajobinacompany,andthereisonlyonevacantjobfortheonlyoneofthetwoman.How,thetwomanhasanopportunitytogetthejobbutthebosscertainlywouldacceptthegoodone.

SoIthinktheopportunityisexistingtoeveryone,butmoreopportunityisbelongstowhohasknowledge,experience,encourageandconfident.

该篇文章条理不清，思想紊乱，语言支离破碎，几乎没有正确的句子，得2分。

Sample2

Someonethinksthattheopportunityisveryfewforhimbecausehehasnevermeetthechance.Butotheronethinkstherearechanceshereandthere,theneveryonecanmeetopportunity.

Iresistthesecondopinion.Theretoaresomeopportunities,theimportantthingisthatifwecouldcatchthechancewhenwemeetit.Inourliveswehavealotofchoicethatneedustakeourheartto.Forexample,whenIwasalittleboy,myhealthwasverybad.Onedayateacheradvisemetojointhebasketballwithmyfriends.Myhealthbecomewell.SoIthinkthereareopportunitiesforeveryone.

该篇文章基本切题，但思想表达不清楚，有很多严重的语言错误，属于5分档。

Sample3

Somepeoplethinkthattheylackofopportunities,whileothersthinkthateveryonewillfacetosomeones.Iagreetothelatter.

Infact,wearelivingonthesameworld.Mostofusmustdealwithalotofthingseveryday.Somepeople’scircumstancesareeventhesame,sodotheopportunities.However,whysomeonecangraspitbutotherscannot?Allthisdependsonthecarefulobservationandgraspingtheopportunityintime.Forinstance,westudentsinourcollege,whosecircumstancearethesame.Weallshouldstudyalotofcoursesbeforewegraduate.Butsomeofusstudyhardinordertolearnmoreandwell,whilesomedon’t.Intheend,thehard-workingstudentsgetthebetterjobs.Atthattime,therearesomestudentswhohavebeenplayingallthetimewillsaythattheylackofopportunities.Asweknowthatthehard-workingstudentsmakethebestuseoftheirtimeandtheyobserveeverythingaroundthemcarefully,sothattheycangrasptheopportunitiesintime.

Inaword,theopportunityisequaltoeveryday,andwhetherwecangraspitornotiscritical.

该篇文章基本切题，有些地方表达不清，文字勉强连贯，但语言错误较多，其中有一些为严重错误。属于11分档。

Sample4

Peoplehavedifferentviewsonopportunity.Somethinkthattherearefewopportunitiesforthemintheworld,whileothersholdthateverybodywillhavesomekindofchancesinhisorherlife.AsfarasIamconcerned,Iamforthelatter.Peoplewhoclaimthattheydon’thavegoodluckmaybethosewhoarenotabletotakechances.Maybetheyfailtorecognizeopportunitiesevenwhentheyareinfrontofthem.However,wisemanwisemencanseekopportunitiesratherthanwaitforchancestoappear.Forexample,almosteverybodyhadwatchedapplesfallingfromappletrees,butonlyNewtondiscoveredtheLawofGravity.

Infact,noonecanbedeniedoftheaccesstoopportunity.Peoplemayhavegoodlucksometimes,butnoonecanbeluckyallthetime.Asasayinggoes,everydoghasitsday.Soeverybodycanhaveachancetosucceed.

Sowecanconcludethateverybodyhastheopportunitytosucceed,butitisuptohimselftotakeit.

该篇文章切题，思想表达清楚，文章结构条理，行文连贯，符合逻辑，属于14分档作文。

4．行文要求

1）切题：统一，无不相关细节内容；

Beethoven’sdemandforperfectionmeantlongandhardwork.UnlikeMozart,hecouldn’tdashoffthreegreatsymphoniesinsixweeks.Itdoesn’tmeanhewasnotastalentedasMozart.Beethoven’smusicwasdifferentfromMozart’sSometimeheworkedyearsonasinglesymphony,writingotherworksatthesametime.Hecarriedmusicsketchbookseverywhere,jottingdownnewideas,revisingandrefiningoldones.Theseearlynotesoftenseemcrudeanduninspiredwhencomparedwiththeirfinalversions,whichwerehammeredoutthroughgreatlabor.Beethovenwasofteninpoverty,thoughheproducedgreatmusic.

本段文字中红体部分显然与主题Beethoven’sdemandforperfectionmeantlongandhardwork.无关，应该去掉。

2）条理清楚：连贯、和谐-注意衔接语的使用

Intheirhurrytogetpracticalpreparationsforacareer,studentsoftenoverlooktheliberalartscollege.Yet,therearegoodreasonswhytheyshouldconsideraliberalartsschool,evenifgettingajobistheirmainconcern.Foronethinglearningitselfmaybemoreexcitinginaliberalartscollegefortheitscourseismoreflexiblethanthatofatechnicalschool.Thusstudentsmaydobetterintheircourseandearnhighergrades,whichwillcertainlymakethemmoreattractivetoemployers.Moreimportant,aliberalartseducationisthemostlikelytodevelopone’sabilitytothink,toread,andwrite,whichbusinessandindustryarecomingtovaluemoreandmore.Finally,studentsshouldrealizethataliberalartseducationhasalwaysbeenapreferredpathfortopprofessions:law,medicine,government,andeducation.

3）简洁：句子要简练；

4）准确：减少语法错误，符合英语的表达习惯，避免汉语式英语；

5．卷面：整洁