2017年6月英语四级阅读练习及答案：简化餐桌礼仪思维导图

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　　When families gather for Christmas dinner，some will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandma‘s generation.Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver，and the

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2017年6月英语四级阅读练习及答案：简化餐桌礼仪思维导图模板大纲

WhenfamiliesgatherforChristmasdinner，somewillsticktoformaltraditionsdatingbacktoGrandma‘sgeneration.Theirtableswillbesetwiththegooddishesandsilver，andthedresscodewillbeSunday-best.

Butinmanyotherhomes，thischina——and——silverelegancehasgivenwaytostoneware(粗陶)——and——stainlessinformality，withdressesassuminganequallycasual——Fridaylook.Forhostsandguests，thechangemeansgreatersimplicityandcomfort.FormakersoffinechinainBritain，itspellseconomichardtimes.

LastweekRoyalDoulton，thelargestemployerinStoke-onTrent，announcedthatitiseliminating1，000jobs——one-fifthofitstotalworkforce.Thatbringstomorethan4，000thenumberofpositionslostin18monthsinthepottery(陶瓷)region.Wedgwoodandotherpotteryfactoriesmadecutsearlier.

AlthoughastrongpoundandweakmarketsinAsiaplayaroleinthedownsizing，thelayoffsinStokehavetheirrootsinearthshakingsocialshifts.AspokesmanforRoyalDoultonadmittedthatthecompany“hasbeensomewhatslowincatchingupwiththetrend”towardcasualdining.Familieseattogetherlessoften，heexplained，andmorepeopleeatalone，eitherbecausetheyaresingleortheyeatinfrontoftelevision.

Evendinnerparties，iftheyhappenatall，havegonecausal.Inatimeoflongworkhoursanddemandingfamilyschedules，busyhostsinsist，rightly，thatit‘sbettertoshareatakeoutpizzaonpaperplatesinthefamilyroomthantowaitfortheperfectmomentora“real”dinnerparty.Toooften，theperfectmomentnevercomes，Ironafine-pattenedtablecloth?Forgetit.Polishthesilver?Whohastime?

Yetthelossofformalityhasitsdownside.Thefinepointsofetiquette(礼节)thatchildrenmightoncehavelearnedatthetablebyobservationorinstructionfromparentsandgrandparents(“Chewwithyourmouthclosed.”“keepyourelbowsoffthetable.”)mustbepickedupelsewhere.Somecompaniesnowofferetiquetteseminarsforemployeeswhomaybecompetentprofessionallybutcluelesssocially.

练习题：

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion：

1.Thetrendtowardcasualdininghasresultedin______

A.bankruptcyoffinechinamanufacturers

B.Shrinkingofthepotteryindustry

C.restructuringoflargeenterprises

D.EconomicrecessioninGreatBritain

2.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebestreasonforcasualdining?

A.Familymembersneedmoretimetorelax.

B.Busyschedulesleavepeoplenotimeforformality.

C.Peoplewanttopracticeeconomyintimesofscarcity.

D.Youngpeoplewon‘tfollowtheetiquetteoftheoldergeneration.

3.ItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatRoyalDoultonis_______

A.aretailerofstainlesssteeltableware

B.adealerinstoneware

C.apotterychainstore

D.aproduceroffinechina

4.Themaincauseofthelayoffsinthepotteryindustryis_______

A.theincreasedvalueofthepound

B.theeconomicrecessioninAsia

C.thechangeinpeople‘swayoflife

D.thefiercecompetitionathomeandabroad

5.Refinedtablemanners，thoughlesspopularthanbeforeincurrentsociallife，_______

A.arestillamustoncertainoccasions

B.areboundtoreturnsoonerorlater

C.arestillbeingtaughtbyparentsathome

D.Canhelpimprovepersonalrelationships

答案及解析：

1.[B]推理判断题。首先依据题目中的casualdining找到第2段中的informality.其后有两个for引导的介词短语，后一个说“对于英国精致瓷器的制造商来说，这(informality)意味着经济困难时期”;此外，第3段用数据具体指出陶瓷业裁员之严重，说明陶瓷业在萎缩，即B.A、D均属夸大事实，C与文章内容无关。

2.[B]事实细节题。根据倒数第2段第2句中指出现今休闲文化流行的背景：工作时间长，家庭生活节奏紧张，B中的Busyschedules与文中的demandingfamilyschedules对应，故为答案。

3.[D]事实细节题。RoyalDoulton在文章中出现过两次：第3段说它裁员，因为人们用餐越来越随意(不再讲究餐具的精致);第4段中“AspokesmanforRoyalDoultonadmittedthatthecompany……”，暗示公司的性质，可以推断它是精制器皿的生产者。

4.[C]事实细节题。根据题目中的thelayoffs找到文章第4段首句，其中的havetheirrootsin相当于题目中的maincauseis，shifts相当于C中的change.其实本题与第1题是交叉相关的，从第1题的题目可找到本题的答案。

5.[A]事实细节题。根据最后一段，特别是第2句“Thefinepointsofetiquette……mustbepickedupelsewhere良好的餐桌礼仪必须在其他地方被重拾起来”，可知礼仪在某些场合还是必要的，故答案为A.

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