2017年6月大学英语四级阅读练习及答案(十四)思维导图

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2017年6月大学英语四级阅读练习及答案(十四)思维导图

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　　A subject which seems to have been insufficiently studied by doctors and psychologists is the influence ofgeography and climate on the psychological and physical health of mankind

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Asubjectwhichseemstohavebeeninsufficientlystudiedbydoctorsandpsychologistsistheinfluenceofgeographyandclimateonthepsychologicalandphysicalhealthofmankind.Thereseemsnodoubtthatthegeneralcharacterofthelandscape,therelativelengthofdayandnight,andtheclimatemustallplayabigpartindeterminingwhatkindofpeopleweare.

Itistruethatafewstudieshavebeenmade.Wherealltheinhabitantsofaparticularareaenjoyexceptionallygoodorbadhealth,scientistshaveidentified.contributoryfactorssuchasthepresenceorabsenceofsubstanceslikeiodine,fluoride,calcium,orironinthewatersupply,orperhapstypesoflandthatprovidebreedingplacesforpestslikemosquitoesorrats.

Moreover,wecanallgeneralizeabouttypesofpeoplewehavemet.Thoselivingincountries.withlongdarkwintersareapttobelesstalkativeandlessvivaciousthaninhabitantsofcountrieswheretheclimateismoreequable(稳定的).Andwheretheoliveandtheorangegrow,theretheinhabitantsarecheerful,talkative,andspontaneous.

Butthesecommonplacegeneralizationsareinadequate:theinfluence:ofclimateandgeographyshouldbestudiedindepth.Doallmountaindwellerslivetoaripeoldage?Doesthedrinkingofwine,ratherthanbeer,resultinasunnyandopentemperament?IsthestrengthandheightofoneoftheKenyantribesduetotheirhabitualdrinkingofthebloodofcows?

Wearenotyetsureoftheanswerstosuch.questions,butletushopethatsomethingofbenefittomankindmayeventuallyresultfromsuchstudies.

练习题：

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassageisto______.

A.alertreaderstothescarcityofnaturalresources

B.callformoreresearchontheinfluenceofgeographicalenvironment

C.introducedifferentelementsincharactercultivation

D.drawmoreattentiontothehealthconditionofmankind

2.Itcanbeinferredthatproperamountsofiodine,fluorideandcalciumcan_____.

A.benefitpeople’sphysicalhealth

B.influencethequalityofwatersupply

C.helpprovidebreedingplacesforpests.

D.strengthenaperson’scharacter

3.Howdoestheauthorevaluatethegeneralizationsofpeople’stypesinPara.3?

A.Suchgeneralizationshelpusjudgethedifferentcharactersofpeoplewemeet

B.Suchgeneralizationsarenotinclusiveenoughtodrawaconvincingconclusion.

C.Suchgeneralizationsprovethatnatureplaysanimportantroleindeterminingsocialhabits.

D.Suchgeneralizationsshowthattherearemainlytwodifferenttypesofpeopleontheplanet.

4.Accordingtothepassage,researchintotheinfluenceofclimateandgeographyshould____.

A.focusonunknownaspects

B.bepursuedonalargerscale

C.becarriedoutamongremotetribes

D.goaheadindepth

5.Whatdoweknowaboutthegeneralizationsofpeople’stype?

A.Peoplewholikedrinkingwinetendtobeoptimistic.

B.Peoplewholiveinmountainareastendtohavealonglife.

C.Peoplewholiveinareaswithstableclimatetendtobetalkativeandlively.

D.Peoplewholikedrinkingcowbloodtendtobestrongandtall.

1.[B]主旨大意题。本文一开头就提出：关于地理环境对人的影响，研究得还不充分。接下来的每段开头句也都进一步阐述这个观点，如第2段首句和第4段首句，结尾句又提出希望，所以正确答案为B.选项C和D没有全面概括环境和人两方面的因素。选项A完全与文章无关。

2.[A]推理判断题。句中的goodhealth与后面的contributoryfactors告诉读者选项A是正确的。选项B中的thequality是无中生有。选项C中的providebreedingplacesforpests在文中的主语是land。选项D中的character跟水中的矿物质无关。

3.[B]观点态度题。紧接第2段论证环境和健康的关系之后，第3段看似论述环境和个性的关系，举了两种比较典型的环境和性格特征的例子,但是,第4段第1句就把前面的表面现象给否定了，所以此题答案为B。其他三个选项立场都错了。

4.[D]事实细节题。作者在第4段第1句破折号后指出应对地理和气候的影响进行更深人的研究，故选项D正确。

5.[C]事实细节題。第3段第2句表明选项C正确。这两段都提到了人的类型的归纳,第3段中的归纳是正确的，而第4段中的归纳是有待考证的，因此,本题要依据第3段描述的类型做出选择。

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