2016年12月英语四级阅读冲刺练习题及答案(十二)思维导图

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2016年12月英语四级阅读冲刺练习题及答案(十二)思维导图

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　　In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events.They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful

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Inthe1960s,medicalresearchersThomasHolmesandRichardRahedevelopedachecklistofstressfulevents.Theyappreciatedthetrickypointthatanymajorchangecanbestressful.Negativeeventslike“seriousillnessofafamilymember”werehighonthelist,butsoweresomepositivelife-changingevents,likemarriage.WhenyoutaketheHolmes-Rahetestyoumustrememberthatthescoredoesnotreflecthowyoudealwithstress—itonlyshowshowmuchyouhavetodealwith.Andwenowknowthatthewayyouhandletheseeventsdramaticallyaffectsyourchancesofstayinghealthy.

Bytheearly1970s,hundredsofsimilarstudieshadfollowedHolmesandRahe.AndmillionsofAmericanswhoworkandliveunderstressworriedoverthereports.Somehow,theresearchgotboileddowntoamemorablemessage.Women’smagazinesranheadlineslike“Stresscausesillness!”Ifyouwanttostayphysicallyandmentallyhealthy,thearticlessaid,avoidstressfulevents.

Butsuchsimplisticadviceisimpossibletofollow.Evenifstressfuleventsaredangerous,many—likethedeathofalovedone—areimpossibletoavoid.Moreover,anywarningtoavoidallstressfuleventsisaprescription(处方)forstayingawayfromopportunitiesaswellastrouble.Sinceanychangecanbestressful,apersonwhowantedtobecompletelyfreeofstresswouldnevermarry,haveachild,takeanewjobormove.

Thenotionthatallstressmakesyousickalsoignoresalotofwhatweknowaboutpeople.Itassumeswe’reallvulnerable(脆弱的)andpassiveinthefaceofadversity(逆境).Butwhatabouthumaninitiativeandcreativity?Manycomethroughperiodsofstresswithmorephysicalandmentalvigorthantheyhadbefore.Wealsoknowthatalongtimewithoutchangeorchallengecanleadtoboredom,andphysicalandmetalstrain.

练习题：

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.TheresultofHolmes-Rahe’smedicalresearchtellsus________.

A.thewayyouhandlemajoreventsmaycausestress

B.whatshouldbedonetoavoidstress

C.whatkindofeventwouldcausestress

D.howtocopewithsuddenchangesinlife

22.Thestudiesonstressintheearly1970’sledto________.

A.widespreadconcernoveritsharmfuleffects

B.greatpanicoverthementaldisorderitcouldcause

C.anintensiveresearchintostress-relatedillnesses

D.popularavoidanceofstressfuljobs

23.ThescoreoftheHolmes-Rahetestshows________.

A.howmuchpressureyouareunder

B.howpositiveeventscanchangeyourlife

C.howstressfulamajoreventcanbe

D.howyoucandealwithlife-changingevents

24.Whyis“suchsimplisticadvice”(Line1,Para.3)impossibletofollow?

A.Noonecanstayonthesamejobforlong.

B.Noprescriptioniseffectiveinrelievingstress.

C.Peoplehavetogetmarriedsomeday.

D.Youcouldbemissingopportunitiesaswell.

25.Accordingtothepassagepeoplewhohaveexperiencedupsanddownsmaybecome____.

A.nervouswhenfacedwithdifficulties

B.physicallyandmentallystrained

C.morecapableofcopingwithadversity

D.indifferenttowardwhathappenstothem

1.[C]事实细节题。根据文章的第1句话可知，这两位科学家对造成人们压力的事件列了一个清单,故C与此相符,为正确答案。

2.[A]事实细节题。根据文章第2段第2句“…millionsofAmericans...worriedoverthereports.”可见此研究报告引起了widespreadconcern,故选A。

3.[A]事实细节题。根据第1段第4句中的doesnotreflect...,itonlyshows...可知本题答案应为破折号后的内容，其中howmuch指的是howmuchstress,故可知A为正确答案。

4.[D]推理判断题。这里的建议是指第2段末尾提出的“避免带来压力的事”。根据第3段第3句“而且，警告人们远离压力，这个处方不仅使人避免麻烦，同时也使人放弃了机会”,故选D。

5.[C]推理判断题。根据文章倒数第2句“很多人经历一段时间的压力后，无论是身体还是精神都比原来更有活力”，故选C。

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