2016年12月英语四级阅读冲刺练习题及答案(四)思维导图
People appear to born to compute. The numerical skills of children develop so early and so inexorably(坚定地) that it is easy to imagine an internal clock of mathematical maturity
树图思维导图提供 2016年12月英语四级阅读冲刺练习题及答案(四) 在线思维导图免费制作，点击“编辑”按钮，可对 2016年12月英语四级阅读冲刺练习题及答案(四) 进行在线思维导图编辑，本思维导图属于思维导图模板主题，文件编号是：ff5e7cd706a67bc11bcca061af647386
思维导图大纲
2016年12月英语四级阅读冲刺练习题及答案(四)思维导图模板大纲
Peopleappeartoborntocompute.Thenumericalskillsofchildrendevelopsoearlyandsoinexorably(坚定地)thatitiseasytoimagineaninternalclockofmathematicalmaturityguidingtheirgrowth.Notlongafterlearningtowalkandtalk,theycansetthetablewithimpressaccuracy---oneknife,onespoon,onefork,foreachofthefivechairs.Soontheyarecapableofnothingthattheyhaveplacedfiveknives,spoonsandforksonthetableand,abitlater,thatthisamountstofifteenpiecesofsilverware.Havingthusmasteredaddition,theymoveontosubtraction.Itseemsalmostreasonabletoexpectthatifachildweresecludedonadesertislandatbirthandretrievedsevenyearslater,heorshecouldenterasecondenterasecond-grademathematicsclasswithoutanyseriousproblemsofintellectualadjustment.
Ofcourse,thetruthisnotsosimple.Thiscentury,theworkofcognitivepsychologistshasilluminatedthesubtleformsofdailylearningonwhichintellectualprogressdepends.Childrenwereobservedastheyslowlygrasped----or,asthecasemightbe,bumpedinto----conceptsthatadultstakeforquantityisunchangedaswaterpoursfromashortglassintoatallthinone.Psychologistshavesincedemonstratedthatyoungchildren,askedtocountthepencilsinapile,readilyreportthenumberofblueorredpencils,butmustbecoaxed(说服)intofindingthetotal.Suchstudieshavesuggestedthattherudiments(基本原理)ofmathematicsaremasteredgradually,andwitheffort.Theyhavealsosuggestedthattheveryconceptofabstractnumbers-----theideaofaoneness,atwoness,atwonessthatappliestoanyclassofobjectsandisaprerequisite(先决条件)fordoinganythingmoremathematicallydemandingthansettingatable----isitselffarfrominnate.
练习题：
Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:
1.Afterchildrenhavehelpedtosetthetablewithimpressiveaccuracy,they______.
A.areabletohelpparentsservedishes
B.tendtodomorecomplicatedhousework
C.areabletofigureoutthetotalpieces
D.canenterasecond-grademathematicsclass
2.Itis_____tobelievethatthequalityofwaterkeepsunchangedwhenitiscontainedintwodifferentglasses.
A.easytopersuadechildren
B.hardformostchildren
C.theinnateofmostchildren
D.difficultforbothadultsandchildren
3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatchildrenarelikelyto_____whentheyareaskedtocountalltheballsofdifferentcolors
A.givetheaccurateanswer
B.counttheballsofeachcolor
C.betooconfusedtodoanything
D.makeminormistakes
4.Accordingtothispassage,_____ismasteredbybirth.
A.theabilitytosurviveinadesertisland
B.thewayofsettingtables
C.thebasicprinciplesofmathematics
D.theconceptofoneness
5.What’stheauthor‘sattitudetowards“children’snumericalskills”?
A.Critical.
B.Approving.
C.Questioning.
D.Objective.
1.[C]第1段第3句说的是题干内容，由第4句Soon…句中的fiveknives...等数字可知孩子会数数了,故可直接选出C。
2.[B]第2段第3句中theyrefused...toconcede...中的they指children,对比题干与原文意思可知孩子们是“难以相信(理解)，故选B。
3.[B]第2段倒数第3句。文章是以pencils为例进行说明的，题目中换成了balls,但是目的是相同的，都是为了表述儿童更愿意根据颜色的不同来数数，而不愿数总数，故B正确。A、D都没有提到;C的说法过于绝对，与文章表述也不相符。
4.[B]这道题目需要认真理解了文章的意思才能正确作答。第1段的主题是:有些数字概念是人天生就有的;第2段的主题是:有一些是后天学习获得的。B是第1段中明确给出的例子，因此这个例子应该支持该段的主题。A错误地理解了第1段最后举的例子。C和D在第2段最后提到,都不是先天获取的数学知识。
5.[D]考査全文的观点态度。纵观全文可知，作者很客观、如实地说明事实，分两段报告了心理学家的研究结果，并未做出任何评价，故D正确。题目中的children’snumericalskills即全文的主题。
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