The world has become a world of cities. With the present rate of urban growth(3. 8% in the Third World) , the majority of the population of the world will be living in cities by t
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Theworldhasbecomeaworldofcities.Withthepresentrateofurbangrowth(3.8%intheThirdWorld),themajorityofthepopulationoftheworldwillbelivingincitiesbytheyear2000.Thiswilltransformtherural-urbanequationwhichhasmarkedthehistoryofmankinduptonowandwillcallfornewexampleandagreatdealofinnovationtofacethisphenomenon.
Thisbeingso,onemustacceptthefactthatforsomeyearstocome,nopolicywillbecapableofstoppingorreversingthepresentmigratorytrendfromtheruralareastothecitiesintheThirdWorld.InAfrica,theurbanpopulationwillreach330millionpeoplebytheendofthecenturyasagainst150millionin1995.
Thenumberofpeoplelivinginshanty-towns(贫富窟)willinevitablyincreaseinspiteoftheeffortstoimprovehousingconditions.Africaaloneneedstobuild12millionhousingunitsbetweennowandtheyear2000tomeetitsmostbasicneeds.InanILOstudy,M.S.V.Sethuramanestimatesthatin70Third"Worldcitiestheproportionofpeoplelivinginshanty-townsvariesfrom15%to70%andthataboutUS$116billionisrequiredtogiveminimumcomforttothesepeoplebytheturnofthecentury—lessthanUS$10billionperyear.
Theworldpopulationisgrowingatarateofabout90millionpeopleperyear,withtheThirdWorldaccountingfor80millionofthem.Thepressureoncitiescanonlygoonincreasing.Theurbanpopulationofthedevelopingcountrieswillexceed2billionpeoplebytheyear2000andsincethemainreasonforthehighdemographic(人口统计的)growthispoverty,theadditionalpopulationwillbemostlymadeofpeopleofverylimitedmeans.
A.housingB.food
C.povertyD.limitedland
A.1985.B.1990.
C.1988.D.2000.
A.alotofdifficulties
B.effortstoimprovehousingcondition
C.pressureofthebasicneeds
D.newmodelsandagreatdealoftransformationofideasandmethods
24.InAfrica,peopleincitieswillbe______bytheendofthecentury.
C.overtwiceasmuchasin1985D.300million
A.housesinshanty-townsarecheap
B.shanty-townscouldprovidepeoplewithminimumcomfort
C.nopolicywillbecapableofstoppingorchangingthepresentimmigranttendencyfromtheruralareastothecitiesintheThirdWorld
D.theThirdWordpopulationisgrowingatarateofabout80millionpeopleperyear
答案:21.C22.C23.D24.C25.C
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