2022年6月英语六级语法巩固解析：虚拟语气思维导图
2022年6月英语六级语法巩固解析：虚拟语气
树图思维导图提供 2022年6月英语六级语法巩固解析：虚拟语气 在线思维导图免费制作，点击“编辑”按钮，可对 2022年6月英语六级语法巩固解析：虚拟语气 进行在线思维导图编辑，本思维导图属于思维导图模板主题，文件编号是：9c0843601238112ebb20e86bc737986e
思维导图大纲
2022年6月英语六级语法巩固解析：虚拟语气思维导图模板大纲
1.主从句谓语动词的时态
(1)掌握主从句谓语动词的规范搭配:
如：Ifthedoctorhadbeenavailable,thechildcouldnothavedied.
Thereisarealpossibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened,shouldtherebeasuddenloudnoise.
(2)区分主从句表示的不同时间概念：
主从句谓语动词所指时间不同，这叫做错综时间条件句，动词形式应根据实际情况来调整。如：
Haditnotbeenforthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic,ourcompanywouldnotbesothrivingasitis.
(主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反)
HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,hewouldbeourchairmannow.
(主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反)
(3)识别事实和假设混合句：
Yourmathinstructorwouldhavebeenhappytogiveyouamake-upexaminationhadyougoneandexplainedthatyourparentswereillatthetime.(句子前半部分为假设情况，而“父母病了”是事实)Iwouldhavegonetovisithiminthehospitalhaditbeenatallpossible,butIwasfullyoccupiedthewholeoflastweek.(前半部分为假设，后半部分是事实)
2.名词性从句的虚拟形式
名词性从句是指宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从句的谓语动词需用(should+)动词原形表示虚拟。考生应熟悉：
(1)下列动词做谓语时，that宾语从句中的动词用虚拟形式：
desire,advise,recommend,command,direct,order,ask,demand,request,require,insist,maintain,move,propose,prefer,urge,vote。如：
Inthepastmengenerallypreferredthattheirwivesworkinthehome.Imovethathebedischargedforhisseriousmistake.
(2)下列形容词和分词做表语或补语时，that主语从句中动词用虚拟形式：
advisable,desirable,insistent,preferable,urgent,appropriate,compulsory,crucial,essential,imperative,important,necessary,obligatory,possible,probable,proper,vital,advised,arranged,commanded,demanded,desired,ordered,proposed,recommended,requested,required,suggested。如：Theboarddeemiturgentthatthesefilesshouldbeprintedrightaway.Itisessentialthatallthesefiguresbecheckedtwice.
(3)下列名词接同位语从句或表语从句时，从句中动词用虚拟形式：
insistence,preference,recommendation,suggestion,proposal,motion,desire,requirement,request,order,necessity,importance,regulation,rule,resolution,understanding。如：
JohnWagner’smostenduringcontributiontothestudyofAfro-Americanpoetryishisinsistencethatitbeanalyzedinareligious,aswellasworldly,frameofreference.
Theykeeptellingusitisofutmostimportancethatourrepresentativebesenttotheconferenceonschedule.
3.含蓄虚拟条件句的谓语动词形式
含蓄虚拟语气是指假设条件不通过if从句表达，而是暗含在其他结构中。考生应熟悉：
(1)连词but,butthat,or,orelse;副词otherwise,unfortunately等表示转折假设。如：
Asafetyanalysiswouldhaveidentifiedthetargetasapotentialdanger.Unfortunately,itwasneverdone.Victorobviouslydoesn’tknowwhat’shappened;otherwisehewouldn’thavemadesuchastupidremark.
(2)介词短语暗含假设条件，常用的有：without,butfor,undermorefavorableconditions等。如：
ButfortheEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday.
(3)intended/meant/hoped/wished/plann或was/were+不定式完成式或hadintended/meant/planned/hoped/wished+不定式一般式暗示虚拟语气。如：
Iintendedtohavecalledonyou,butIwasbusyatthattime.
(4)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气。如：
Ishouldhavecalledtomakeanairlinereservation,butIdidn’t.
4.常用虚拟形式的句型
(1)从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式表示虚拟的句型：
wouldratherwouldassoonasthoughsuppose…hadratherwouldsoonerasifsupposing…Ifonly…Itis(high)timethat…(从句中动词只用过去式)如：
Hiswifewouldrathertheydidn’ttalkaboutthematteranymore.
IfIwereinamovie,thenitwouldbeabouttimethatIburiedmyheadinmyhandsforacry.
(2)Ifitwerenotfor…(与现在事实相反)、Ifithadnotbeenfor…(与过去事实相反)相当于butfor。如：
Ifithadnotbeenforhishelp(=butforhishelp),wewouldnothavesucceeded.
(3)Ifonly…谓语动词视情况选用适当的形式。如：
Ifonlythecommitteewouldapprovetheregulationsandputthemintoeffectassoonaspossible.
(4)lest/forfearthat/incase从句谓语用(should+)动词原形。如：
Themadmanwasputinthesoft-paddedcelllestheinjurehimself.
(5)whether…or…有时谓语用be的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，这种用法经常采用倒装结构。如：
Churchasweusethewordreferstoallreligiousinstitutions,betheyChristian,Islamic,Buddhist,Jewish,andsoon.
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