大学英语四级美文欣赏：全球垃圾处理速度思维导图
Five hundred tonnesof Christmas tree lights and at least 25m bags of plastic sweet wrappers, turkey coverings, drinks bottles and broken toys will be thrown away by UK homes this
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思维导图大纲
大学英语四级美文欣赏：全球垃圾处理速度思维导图模板大纲
FivehundredtonnesofChristmastreelightsandatleast25mbagsofplasticsweetwrappers,turkeycoverings,drinksbottlesandbrokentoyswillbethrownawaybyUKhomesthisChristmasandnewyear.Butonlyatinyproportionofthiswastewillberecycled.
Evenatothertimesofyear,onlyalittleunderaquarteroftheUK'splasticwasteisrecycled,butoverthefestiveperiodstilllessescapesthetipaccordingtoasurveybyhomedrinksmakerSodaStream.Globally,recyclingofplasticsisevensmaller.
TheoutcomeisabeliefthattheEarthisbeingslowlystrangledbyagaudycoatofimpermeableplasticwastethatcollectsingreatfloatingislandsintheworld'soceans;clogsupcanalsandrivers;andisswallowedbyanimals,birdsandseacreatures.
clogup堵塞；阻塞
Inmanypartsofthedevelopingworlditactsasanearubiquitousoutdoordecoration,alongroadsinIndia,aroundvillagesinAfricaandflutteringofffencesacrossLatinAmerica.Andwhenitisnotpilingup,itisoftenburnedintheopen,releasingnoxioussmoke.
pileup堆积；堆放起来
noxious有毒的；有害的
Therearenoglobalfiguresonthetruescaleoftheproblembut,accordingtoPlasticsEurope,theEuropeantradeassociationforplasticsmanufacturers,265mtonnesofplasticareproducedgloballyeachyear.IntheUK,abouttwothirdsofthisisforpackaging;globally,thiswouldtranslateto170mtonnesofplasticlargelycreatedtobedisposedofafteroneuse.
disposeof处理；解决
EvenatthealmostunmatchedEUrecyclingrateof33%,twothirdsofthat–ormorethan113mtonnes–wouldendupinlandfill,beingburnedorclutteringuptheenvironment.Suchafigure,almostcertainlyahugeunderestimate,wouldbeenoughtocoverthe48contiguousstatesoftheUSinplasticfoodwrapping.IftheworldrecycledpackagingattheratetheUSdoes,15%,itwouldgeneratemorethanenoughplastictocoverChinainplasticwrap.Everyyear.
clutterup使杂乱；堆满；塞满contiguousadj.相邻的；邻近的
generate产生；导致；引起
AfewyearsagotheUKwasseizedwithworryaboutplasticbags:communitieswent"plastic-bagfree"andthethenprimeminister,GordonBrown,announcedhewouldtalktoretailersaboutphasingthemout.Intheabsenceofmuchchange,hissuccessor,DavidCameron,recentlyre-raisedtheideaofanationallevy.Inresponse,theplasticsindustryarguesthatthealternativeswouldbeevenmorewastefulintermsofgreenhousegasemissions.
beseizedwith被（强烈的情感、愿望等）影响
phaseout使逐渐停止；逐步淘汰
intheabsenceof缺乏；无…时
alternativeadj.供选择的；选择性的；交替的n.替换物；供替代的选择
intermsof依据；按照；在…方面
greenhousegasemissions温室气体排放
Whatwouldaworldwithoutplasticlooklike?Earlierthisyear,Austria-basedenvironmentalconsultancyDenkstattimaginedsuchaworld,wherefarmers,retailersandconsumersusewood,tins,glassbottlesandjars,andcardboardtocovertheirgoods.Itfoundthemassofpackagingwouldincreaseby3.6times,itwouldtakemorethandoubletheenergytomakeandthegreenhousegasesgeneratedwouldbe2.7timeshigher.
themassof大多数
Tounderstandthis,considerthepropertiesofplasticthatmakeitsoattractive:itisdurable,flexible,itdoesnotshatter,itcanbreathe(ornot)anditisextremelylightweight.Asaresult,foodanddrinkareprotectedfromdamageandkeptforlengthsoftimepreviouslyunimaginable.
TheEuropeanPackagingandFilmsAssociation(Pafa)saysaveragespoilageoffoodbetweenharvestandtableis3%inthedevelopedworld,comparedwith50%indevelopingcountries,whereplasticpallets,crates,trays,filmandbagsarenotsowidespread.Oncethefoodreachespeople'shomes,itslifespanisalsoincreased–forashrinkwrappedcucumber,fromtwoto14days.
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