美国跨文化交际研究史脑图思维导图
美国跨文化交际研究发展简史理论脑图
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思维导图大纲
The History of Intercultural Communication Studies in America 思维导图模板大纲
origin
America
main phases by Chen and Starosta (2007)
(1) The Burgeoning Period
Background:In the post-WWII era, the United States increasingly came to dominate the world stage.
Problem:They lacked people from differnent cultures to working overseas.
Result:Language training
Govrenment: Establishing the Foreign Service Institute (FSI)
Scholars: Developing“predeparture” courses for overseas workers
(2) From 1960 to 1970
Two representative books
Oliver's Culture and Communication (1962)
establishing a model
Smith's Communication and Culture (1966)
collection of essays covering thirteen types of communication studies.
(3) From 1971 to 1980
1970 and 1971
International Communication Association (ICA)
National Communication Association (NCA)
1975
SIETAR International (the International Society for Intercultural Education, Training and Research), the largest international organization
1977
International Journal of Intercultural Relations written by Dan Landis was first published
(4) From 1981 to the Present Time
In the late 1960s and early 1970s ，Theory building and methodological were refinded
The book Theories in Intercultural Communication by Kim and Gudykunst (1988) features two approaches to theory building.
From the 1980s to the present time
becoming an academic discipline
the popularity of intercultural commumication
the Speech Communication Association (SCA), and the International and Intercultural Communication Annual (IICA) have also helped determine the direction for the study of intercultural communication
summarized by Hart (1996)
1960s-1970s
basic framework
in the late 1970s
making great achievements in theory and practice
1980s
the overall spread of US
Today
the major academic disciplines &widely acknowledged in the world
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