主动形式表被动意义思维导图

英语中一般只有及物动词才用于被动语态，不及物动词不用于这种结构。但有些时候，某些不及物动词，其主动形式含有被动的意义。

When did the accident occur 事故是什么时候发生的？

Ice-cream always goes well in hot weather. 冰淇淋在暑天销路好。

Does life exist on the moon 月球上存在着生命吗？

Class begins at eight. 八点钟开始上课。

The meeting ended up with warm applause. 会议在热烈的掌声中结束了。

The machine runs well. 机器运转良好。

His voice records well. 他的音录下来很好。

动词read, write, translate, act, add, wash, wear, cook, lock, sell, tear, cut, keep, feel, burn, strike, last等常和表示行为方式的状语连用，表示被动意义。这些动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词。当主语是人时，是及物动词；当主语是物时，是不及物动词，即用主动形式表示被动意义。

The book sells well. 这书的销路很好。

My pen writes smoothly. 我的笔很好写。

The play reads more easily than acts. 这剧本易读不易演。

提示：

有些表示状态特征的连系动词，如look, smell, taste, sound, prove, appear, turn out等主动形式表示被动意义。

Good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。

What he said proved to be correct. 他的话证明是正确的。

The flowers smell sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。

Your sentence doesn't sound right. 你这话听起来不大对头。

The meat is cooking. 肉正在烧。

The book is printing. 这本书正在印刷之中。

She is to blame. 她应该受到责备。

The house is to let. 此房出租。

反身动词（及物动词+反身代词）作谓语时，其宾语反身代词，表示动作返回到执行者本身，主语既是动作的执行者，又是动作的承受者。由于反身动词具有这一特点，在被动结构中动作的承受者，也就是动作的执行者，在句中表现出主动的意义。

He seats himself at the back of the classroom. 他坐在教室的后面。

-- He is seated at the back of the classroom. 他坐在教室的后面。

He lost himself in the forest.

-- He was lost in the forest. 他在森林中迷了路。

He dressed himself in a dark blue suit.

-- He was dressed in a dark blue suit. 他穿着一套深蓝色的衣服。

注意：

The teacher is satisfied with what he said. 老师对他所说的感到满意。

We are opposed to unjust wars. 我们反对非正义的战争。

We are prepared to accept his proposal. 我们准备采纳他的建议。

He was tired with playing all day. 玩了一整天他感到很疲倦了。

The earth is tilted a little. 地球有点儿倾斜。

Hundreds of soldiers were stationed around the prison. 数百个士兵驻扎在监狱周围。

The village is located at the foot of a hill. 这个村庄坐落在山脚下。

Spring is come. 春天来了。

The moon was set and it was very dark. 月亮落了，天很黑。

He is advanced in years. 他年纪很大了。

He is done with it. 他做完了这件事。

My fever is gone, but I still have a cough. 我的烧已经退了，但还有点儿咳嗽。

He was graduated from Beijing University. 他毕业于北大。

You are mistaken. 你弄错了。

He is retired. 他退休了。

Do be seated. 请坐！

Be prepared, please. 请准备好。

Get washed. 洗吧。

Be concerned more about the well-being of the masses. 多关心群众的生活。

He was married in Beijing. 他是在北京结婚的。（被动语态）

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