2015年6月英语四级高级语法讲义4：状语从句思维导图

(1)条件：状语从句，前后主语一致

(2)形式：分词作状语在句首+分词作状语在句后

(3)省略方式：关系词(可保留)+动词形式变化(-ing/-ed)

When[Assoonas]themousesawthecat,itranoff.

Seeingthecat,themouseranoff.见到猫，老鼠就跑了。

真题示例：When_______differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.(2006浙江卷)

A.comparedB.beingcomparedC.comparingD.havingcompared

二、用作原因状语

Asshewasveryweak,shecouldn’tmove.

Becauseshewasmuchdiscouraged,shemovedontoLondon.

(1)______withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.(2006四川卷)

A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface

三、用作条件状语

Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.

Ifweareunited,westand;ifwearedivided,wefall.

Ifwehadbeengivenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.

四、用作让步状语

Althoughlivingmilesaway,heattendedthecourse.虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。

五、用作伴随状语

Hesatinthechairreadinganewspaper.他坐在椅子上看报。

Hecamein,followedbyhiswife.他走了进来，后面跟着他的妻子。

Mycousincametoseemefromthecountry,______meafullbasketoffreshfruits.

A.broughtB.bringingC.tobringD.hadbrought

Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys,footballsorbasketballs,_____thatallchildrenlikethesethings.

A.thinkingB.thinkC.tothinkD.thought

六、用作方式状语

Hecameasweexpected.

Hecameashewasexpected.

I'mreturningyourletterasrequested.我按要求给你退信。

七、用作结果状语

Hefiredandkilledoneofthepassers-by.

Hefired,killingoneofthepassers-by.他开枪了，打死了一个过路人。

Hediedandlefthiswifewithfivechildren.

Hedied,leavinghiswifewithfivechildren.他死了，留下他妻子和五个孩子。

Heglancedoverather,______thatthoughshewastiny,sheseemedverywellputtogether.

A.notingB.notedC.tonoteD.havingnoted

Speedingoffinastolencar,thethiefthinkshehasgotagreatcatch.Butheisinforanunwelcomesurprise.(06.6旧)

_____bythesuperstarsontelevision,theyoungathletestrainedhardandplayedintensely.

A)ImitatedB)ImposedC)InsuredD)Inspired(06.6旧)

Whenapplyingforajob,oneusuallyhastosubmitaresumeorcurriculumvitae(CV).Alarmedbythisstateof_____,theJapanAutomobileManufacturersAssociation(JAMA)proceededacomprehensivestudyofthemarketin2006.(09.完形)

A)messB)boomC)growthD)decay

Stickingtothelowendofthegovernmentestimates,theNationalResourcesDefenceCouncilsaysthereweremaybenomorethan3.2billionbarrelsofeconomicallyrecoverableoilinthecoastalplainoftheANWR,adropinthebucketthatwoulddovirutallynothingtoeaseAmerica'senergyproblems..

在状语从句中，若前后主从句主语一致，则省略从句的主语，将后面的动词发生形式上的变化，主动语态变成ing形式，若是被动语态，则变为ed形式。

(责任编辑：田学江)