2016年6月英语四级作文高频句分析：第五部分思维导图

翻译为:那些强劲的大风卷起一层云彩,还有些零星的小雨下了好一会,一直持续到清晨.

翻译为:清凉的天空和微风让温度值降到了个位数,使得很多乡村地区出现了霜.

注意的词语:giveaway:让步.

翻译为:太阳被一小片云层遮住了.

练习:

TheGreenhouseeffectandGlobalwarming

Theheart-trappingcapacityoftheatmosphereispopularlyknownasthe“greenhouseeffect”.Despitepubliccontroversysurroundingglobalwarming,thenaturalgreenhouseeffecthasbeenlongestablishedasfactinthescientificcommunity.

Indeed,carbondioxide,andothergases,theearth’snaturalclimatewouldbeabout33℃coolerthanitis.Lifewouldhaveevolvedquitedifferentlyinsuchaclimate.

Mostscientistsbelievethattherapidexpansionofagricultureandindustrialactivitiesoverthelastseveralhundredyearshavegeneratedsignificantincreasesincarbondioxideandmethaneintheatmosphere.However,expertsdisagreeaboutwhethersuchchangershavecausedtheincreaseofapproximately0.5℃intheearth’ssurfacetemperaturethathasbeendocumentedoverthepastcentury.Manyscientistscitethefactthat1997wasthewarmestyearonrecord,followingadecadeinwhich9ofthe11hottestyearsofthiscenturywerereported,asstrong,butcircumstantial,evidencethathumanactivitieshavealteredtheearth’sclimate.Otherexperts,however,believethistemperaturetrendisanaturalvariation.

Alsodisputediswhetherprojectedworldpopulationgrowthtomorethan10billionpeoplebytheyear2100willresultinadoublingortriplingofatmosphericconcentrationsofcarbondioxide.Ifsuchabuildupoccurs,asmanyscientistspredict,globalsurfacetemperaturescouldincreasebyanywherefromaboutoneCelsiusdegreetoabout4Celsiusdegreesduringthenextcentury.Thehigherhalfofrangeinvolvestemperaturechangesoutsideofthoseexperiencedbyhumancivilizationssincetheendofthelasticeagesome10,000yearsago.Duringthelasticeage,averageglobaltemperatureswereonlyabout5Celsiusdegreescoolerthanthepresentperiod.

AtemperatureincreaseofseveraldegreesCelsiuscouldresultinasealevelriserangingfromabout10cmtoabout1m.Asealevelriseofabout0.5mwouldbenoticeableprimarilyinthemostvulnerable,low-lyingislandsandcoastalareas.Largersealevelriseswouldresultinextensivefloodingoflowlandbeaches,wetlands,andcoastalsettlements.Moreover,ahighersealevelbasewouldincreasestheriskofcatastrophicstormsurgesincoastalareas,sincefloodingwouldlikelyextendislandwellbeyondhistoriclevels.

Warmertemperaturecouldalsointensifydroughtsinsomeregions,destabilizeecosystems,andcausethedeclineorextinctionofsomespecies.Sincecarbondioxideenhancesphotosynthesis,somescientistshavecalculatedthathigherconcentrationsintheatmostpherewouldincreasetheproductivityofcropsandforests.Butothershavepointoutthatcarbondioxideincreaseandawarmingclimatecouldencouragethespreadofdestructivepests,includingweedsanddisease-carryinginsects.