2021年英语四级听力美文第84篇:Work and Play思维导图

Oureverydayexistenceisdividedintotwophases,asdistinctasdayandnight.

Wecallthemworkandplay.

Weworksomanyhoursaday,andwhenwehaveallowedthenecessaryminimumforsuchactivitiesaseatingandshopping,therestwespendinvariousactivitieswhichareknownasrecreations,anelegantwordwhichdisguisesthefactthatweusuallydonotevenplayinourhoursofleisure,butspendtheminvariousformsofpassiveenjoymentorentertainment—notplayingfootballbutwatchingfootballmatches;notacting,buttheatre-going;notwalking,butridinginamotorcoach.

Thereforeweneedtodefineclearlythedifferencenotonlybetweenworkandplaybut,equally,betweenactiveplayandpassiveentertainment.

Itis,Isuppose,thedeclineofactiveplay—ofamateursport—andtheenormousgrowthofpurelyreceptiveentertainmentwhichhasgivenrisetoasociologicalinterestintheproblem.

Ifthegreaterpartofthepopulation,insteadofindulginginsport,spendtheirhoursofleisure“viewing”televisionprogrammes,therewillinevitablybeadeclineinhealthandphysique.

Andinaddition,therewillbeapsychologicalproblem,forwehaveyettotracethementalandmoralconsequencesofaprolongeddietofsentimentalorsensationalspectaclesonthescreen.

Thereis,ifweareoptimistic,thepossibilitythatthedietistoothinandnotnourishingenoughtohavemuchpermanenteffectonanybody.

Ninefilmsoutoftenseemtoleaveabsolutelynoimpressiononthemindorimaginationofthosewhoseethem:fewpeoplecangiveacoherentaccountofthefilmtheysawtheweekbeforelast,andatlongerintervalstheymustrelyonthemanagementtoseethattheydonotsitthroughthesamefilmtwice.