大学英语四级美文欣赏：为何女性自愿放弃高层职位？思维导图

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大学英语四级美文欣赏：为何女性自愿放弃高层职位？思维导图

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2023-03-17 14:34:02

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　　There are 5,400 women missing from Britain's most powerful jobs. They should be in parliament, in the cabinet, and running big companies and major public sector organisations.

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大学英语四级美文欣赏：为何女性自愿放弃高层职位？思维导图模板大纲

Thereare5,400womenmissingfromBritain'smostpowerfuljobs.Theyshouldbeinparliament,inthecabinet,andrunningbigcompaniesandmajorpublicsectororganisations.Atthecurrentrateofprogress,itwillbeanother70yearsbeforethereisequalrepresentationofwomeninparliamentandontheboardsofFTSE100companies.Genderequalitymakesperiodicleapsforwardandthenslowstoaglacialpaceforafewdecades;itsprintsinsomeareasandremainsstubbornlystuckinothers.

Nowwearefastmovingintoastrangeparadoxinwhichthenumbersofwomenovertakemeninenteringfurthereducationandmanyprofessions–womenaresettomakeupamajorityofdoctorsby2017–butmenstillovertakethemtoreachthetop.It'sarumstateofaffairswhenthemostpowerfulareselectedfromaneversmallersectionoftheworkforce,leavingtowastethehugeinvestmentinwomen'sskills.

paradoxn.悖论；似是而非的人或事

overtakev.赶上；压倒；超过

besetto被设为；已成定势

Timeforareckoning.It'sroughlymygenerationthatisfailingtobreakthroughintothetopjobs.Womenintheir40sand50swhocouldnowberunningthecountrybutaren't,accordingtotheEqualityandHumanRightsCommission'sreportSexandPower.Itsanalysisisthatit'sacaseofdiscrimination–directandindirect.Motherhoodanddomesticresponsibilitiesstillexactasteeppenalty.IfeellikeI'mbackontheschoolhockeypitch(Iwasuseless)withmyPEteacherurgingmetomakeabitmoreofaneffortandgetstuckin.

breakthrough突破；突围；冲出

getstuckin陷入了；被困在……

Well,beforewecreepoffthepitchwithachronicsenseoffailure,it'scheeringtorememberwhatthisgenerationhasachieved.Twentyfiveyearsago,part-timeworkinprofessionaloccupationswasvirtuallyunheardof.Therewasonlyonemodeloffemalecareersuccess,anditconsciouslyaimedtoemulateadriven,obsessivemaleversion–itwastheeraofshoulderpadsandclichesofball-crunchingwomenbosses.

creepoff爬出来

emulatev.效法，尽力赶上；仿真

Sincethen,theworkplacehasbeenrevolutionisedwithahugeincreaseinthenumberofwomenworkingpart-time.Workingmothersarenolongeranovelty,andfatheringnolongerpartofahiddenprivatelife.Inmostoffices,slippingtheChristmasnativityplayorateachermeetingintoabusydayisroutine.Theimportanceoffamilylife,andthenecessityofflexibilityforchildcarehavebecomepartofofficeculture.Womenbosseshaveescapedludicrousstereotypestobecomenormal.That'squiteanachievement–somethingIneverdreamedwouldbepossiblewhenIhadmyfirstchildandwasbackatthedeskfull-timewithinfourmonthsofherbirth.NowIlookatcolleaguesroutinelytakingayear'smaternityleaveandreturningpart-time.

maternityleave产假

Butit'stwostepsforward,onestepback.Thelabourmarkethassegregatedintooneformumsandoneforseriousplayers.Mumslookforcosyniches–jobstheycanmanagewithouttoomuchstrainonthefamily,forwhichtheystilltakethebulkofresponsibility.Whenmentakeontheprimary-carerroleandgopart-time,itcanplayacrucialroleinhelpingwomentoreachthetop–butchangehereinchesforward.Thegenderrolesaroundcaringandbreadwinninghaveprovedresistanttochange.

segregatev.使隔离；使分离

resistantadj.抵抗的；顽固的

Perhapsweshouldbelesssurprised–orfrustrated–thatthiskindofsocialchangecantaketime.Wehavebeenatransitionalgeneration,tryingtoliveuptoourstay-at-homemothers'standardsofavailabilityandattentionwhilealsocarvingoutcareers.Equally,menhavesoughttoemulatetheirfathers'careerdedicationwhilerespondingtonewexpectationsofengagedparenting.It'shardlysurprisingtheconceptof"rolestrain"litterstheresearchstudies.

liveupto不辜负；做到；实践

carveout创业；开拓

seek(过去分词sought)to追求；争取

respondto响应；对……反应

It'snotjusttheinfamous"homemade"mincepiesfortheschoolfete(boughtandbashedaboutwitharollingpinatmidnighttolookhomemade)inAllisonPearson'snovelIDon'tKnowHowSheDoesIt,butnownewcommunicationtechnologiesrequireinstantaneousmulti-tasking–achildtextingthattheyarelockedout/beenmugged/hungryasyousitinanimportantmeeting.Orthereverse,athomeandcaughtbetweenthedemandsofaBlackBerryandatoddler.Thecompleteseparationofpersonalandprofessionallife,ahallmarkof20th-centurycareers,hasimploded,bequeathinguswithacomplexjugglingact.Notonlyisitexhausting,butitcansimplydoyourheadin.

instantaneousadj.瞬间的；即时的

bequeathv.遗赠；把…遗赠给；把…传下去

jugglingact变戏法似的把戏；同时做几件事又难以做好的局面

Somemenandwomenenjoyjugglingandgetverygoodatit,butitrequiresferociousorganisation,focusandenergy.Lotsdon'thavethem,ordon'tevenwantthem.Iknowmanywomenmyagewhocouldbeamongthose"missing"atthetop;insteadofbecomingchiefexecutivesthey'veworkedoutacombinationoffamilyandworkthatleavestimeforfriends,hobbies,voluntaryworkandexercise.Itsprioritiesmapwellontotheresearchliteratureonhappiness;anaspectthatperhapsdoesn'tgettheacknowledgementitdeserves.

ferociousadj.惊人的；极度的

Ambitionhasprovedhardtocombinewiththemundanerequirementsofsecurenurturing.Thecostisobvious;theydon'tgetthepowerorconventionalmeasuresofprofessionalsuccess.It'snotlettingthesisterhooddownbutholdingontovaluesofrelationshipsandwellbeing.We'redelightedtoseeothersforgingaheadandcrashingthroughtheprejudices,butweshiveratthepriceitmightexactinourownlives.

mundaneadj.世俗的；平凡的

conventionaladj.常见的；符合世俗的；惯例的

holdonto坚持；紧握；克制

forgeahead继续进行；取得进展