2021考研英语翻译技巧：被动语态思维导图

现在进行时

am\is\are+doing(V.-ing)am\is\are+doing+done(V.p.p)

过去进行时

was\were+doing(V.-ing)was\were+doing+done(V.p.p)

现在完成时

have\has+done(V.p.p.)have\has+been+done(V.p.p)

过去完成时

had+done(V.p.p.)Had+been+done(V.p.p.)

情态动词

情态动词+V.

情态动词+be+done(V.p.p.)

过去将来时

would/should+V.would/should be+done(V.p.p.)

翻译时有以下几种翻译方法：

It is hoped that...希望……，有人希望……

It is assumed that...假设……，假定……

It is claimed that...据说……，有人主张……

It is believed that...有人想信……，大家相信……

It is reported that...据报道……，据通报……

It is considered that...人们认为……，据估计……

It is said that...据说……，有人说……

【真题例句】

【解析】

(1)It is imagined by many此处是"It+被动语态+that"形式的处理，译为"很多人认为"。

(2)that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes,此处所用的是译成汉语主动句的处理方法，并保存原文主语译为"普通人的思维活动根本无法与这些思维过程(科学家的思维过程)相比"。

(3)and that they have to be required by a sort of special training此处所用的是译成汉语被动句的处理方法，译为"认为这些思维过程是必须由某种专门训练才能掌握"。