2018年6月英语四级阅读200篇第23篇：压力思维导图
In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events.They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful
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思维导图大纲
2018年6月英语四级阅读200篇第23篇：压力思维导图模板大纲
Inthe1960s,medicalresearchersThomasHolmesandRichardRahedevelopedachecklistofstressfulevents.Theyappreciatedthetrickypointthatanymajorchangecanbestressful.Negativeeventslike“seriousillnessofafamilymember”werehighonthelist,butsoweresomepositivelife-changingevents,likemarriage.WhenyoutaketheHolmes-Rahetestyoumustrememberthatthescoredoesnotreflecthowyoudealwithstress—itonlyshowshowmuchyouhavetodealwith.Andwenowknowthatthewayyouhandletheseeventsdramaticallyaffectsyourchancesofstayinghealthy.
Bytheearly1970s,hundredsofsimilarstudieshadfollowedHolmesandRahe.AndmillionsofAmericanswhoworkandliveunderstressworriedoverthereports.Somehow,theresearchgotboileddowntoamemorablemessage.Women’smagazinesranheadlineslike“Stresscausesillness!”Ifyouwanttostayphysicallyandmentallyhealthy,thearticlessaid,avoidstressfulevents.
Butsuchsimplisticadviceisimpossibletofollow.Evenifstressfuleventsaredangerous,many—likethedeathofalovedone—areimpossibletoavoid.Moreover,anywarningtoavoidallstressfuleventsisaprescription(处方)forstayingawayfromopportunitiesaswellastrouble.Sinceanychangecanbestressful,apersonwhowantedtobecompletelyfreeofstresswouldnevermarry,haveachild,takeanewjobormove.
Thenotionthatallstressmakesyousickalsoignoresalotofwhatweknowaboutpeople.Itassumeswe’reallvulnerable(脆弱的)andpassiveinthefaceofadversity(逆境).Butwhatabouthumaninitiativeandcreativity?Manycomethroughperiodsofstresswithmorephysicalandmentalvigorthantheyhadbefore.Wealsoknowthatalongtimewithoutchangeorchallengecanleadtoboredom,andphysicalandmetalstrain.
练习题：
Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:
1.TheresultofHolmes-Rahe’smedicalresearchtellsus________.
A.thewayyouhandlemajoreventsmaycausestress
B.whatshouldbedonetoavoidstress
C.whatkindofeventwouldcausestress
D.howtocopewithsuddenchangesinlife
2.Thestudiesonstressintheearly1970’sledto________.
A.widespreadconcernoveritsharmfuleffects
B.greatpanicoverthementaldisorderitcouldcause
C.anintensiveresearchintostress-relatedillnesses
D.popularavoidanceofstressfuljobs
3.ThescoreoftheHolmes-Rahetestshows________.
A.howmuchpressureyouareunder
B.howpositiveeventscanchangeyourlife
C.howstressfulamajoreventcanbe
D.howyoucandealwithlife-changingevents
4.Whyis“suchsimplisticadvice”(Line1,Para.3)impossibletofollow?
A.Noonecanstayonthesamejobforlong.
B.Noprescriptioniseffectiveinrelievingstress.
C.Peoplehavetogetmarriedsomeday.
D.Youcouldbemissingopportunitiesaswell.
5.Accordingtothepassagepeoplewhohaveexperiencedupsanddownsmaybecome____.
A.nervouswhenfacedwithdifficulties
B.physicallyandmentallystrained
C.morecapableofcopingwithadversity
D.indifferenttowardwhathappenstothem
1.[C]事实细节题。根据文章的第1句话可知，这两位科学家对造成人们压力的事件列了一个清单,故C与此相符,为正确答案。
2.[A]事实细节题。根据文章第2段第2句“…millionsofAmericans...worriedoverthereports.”可见此研究报告引起了widespreadconcern,故选A。
3.[A]事实细节题。根据第1段第4句中的doesnotreflect...,itonlyshows...可知本题答案应为破折号后的内容，其中howmuch指的是howmuchstress,故可知A为正确答案。
4.[D]推理判断题。这里的建议是指第2段末尾提出的“避免带来压力的事”。根据第3段第3句“而且，警告人们远离压力，这个处方不仅使人避免麻烦，同时也使人放弃了机会”,故选D。
5.[C]推理判断题。根据文章倒数第2句“很多人经历一段时间的压力后，无论是身体还是精神都比原来更有活力”，故选C。
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