英语动词思维脑图思维导图
谓语与非谓语英语词汇知识点分解
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谓语
非谓语
不定式（to do)
本质：不确定，将来
运用：将来，目的，一次性。
做成分
名词
主语
to see is to believe
to talk to a man without making him angry is impossible/it is impossible to talk to a man without making him angry.主语部分太长导致头重脚轻，所以用it 代替。
宾语
及物动词+宾语
I want to buy a car.
I don't know what to do/I don't know how to do it.(why除外）
this book shows you how to cook meals.
I felt to report it to the headmaster my duty./I felt it my duty to report it to the headmaster.
介词+宾语
but/except +to do
he seldom calls me except to ask for money.
I can do nothing but wait(不定式做表语，省略to)
I am thinking about how to save the world.(why 除外）
表语
1不定式做表语2主语部分有实义动词do的任何形式3表语省略to(the only thing I can do now is wait./the only thing I can choose is to wait.)
同位语
I have a dream to be a director.(a dream 是一个抽象名词，to be a director等同于a dream)
补语
宾补
I want you to buy a car.
主补
you are wanted to buy a car.
主动省 to ,被动还原。
一感：feel
二听：hear ,listen to
三让：have ,let ,make
四看：see, notice ,abseve,watch
形容词
定语
从大变小,加粗的部分是比较大的概念，to do 把它们变小了。
he is always the first one to come and the last one to leave.(加粗字体和不定式是主谓关系）
I have something to do（动宾关系，及物动词0
I have no one to talk to.(动宾关系，不及物动词需要加介词）
补语
副词
状语
目的状语
I got up at 4 am to watch football match.
结果状语
he hurried to the station,only to find the train had left
she is too young to work in a factory.
he is old enough to work in a factory.
补语
时态语态
to do
to be done
to be doing
to have done
to have been done
to have been doing
逻辑主语
非谓语的发出者
主语和逻辑主语一致
I （主语，逻辑主语）/want（谓语） / to go home（非谓语）
主语和逻辑主语不一致
I（主语）/want(谓语）/you(逻辑主语）/to go home(非谓语）
to see (非谓语，主语）/is（谓语）to believe(非谓语，表语）此句逻辑主语省略。
it's adj (difficult /important)(外在的，客观的）for sb. to do something.
to help you/(it) is a pleasant for me.
it's adj (brave/clever)(内在的，主观的）of sb. to do something.
to tell me the truth/(it) is very kind of you.
否定
动名词(doing)
本质：确定,过去
运用：长期，习惯，稳定。
做成分
名词
主语
动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。seeing is believing.
宾语
及物动词+宾语，（确定）。
介词（with/without/for/of/on/at/by/in/to)+宾语
表语
seeing is believing.
形容词
只做前置定语
长期稳定的功能（washing machine)
时态语态
doing
being done
having done
having been done
逻辑主语
形容词性物主代词/名词所有格（什么的)
his smoking here makes me upset.
tom's smoking here makes me upset.
宾格(不能做主语）
do you mind me smoking here?
him smoking here annoys me(表达错误）
普通格
I don't like young people smoking
I saw him smoking(现在分词）.
特殊情况
如果动名词的逻辑主语是无生命的东西，只能用普通格。
is there any hope Manchester United winning the game?
如果动名词的逻辑主语是一个较长的名词词组，只能用普通格。
have you ever heard of a man with such a common sense refusing such a offer?
当动名词的逻辑主语是普通代词时，用普通格。
I was astonished at someone knocking at the front door this late.
否定
分词
现在分词doing
本质:分身，省略
运用：与谓语同步发生。
做成分
定语
前置定语
a singing bird
a sleeping baby
后置定语
the girls singing over there are my classmates.
the boy sitting over there likes singing.
状语
whem he saw those pictures,he coudn't help thinking of those memorable days in his hometown.
as they were so poor in those days ,they coudn't afford to send the child to school.
there is a bird and the bird is singing in the tree.
补语
宾补
we found a tree lying across the road.
I saw him walking into the building.
主补
a tree was found lying across the road.
时态语态
doing
定语
falling rain
状语
being so poor in those days,they coudn't afford to send the children to school.
补语
I saw him walking into the building.
being done
定语
the house being built has been sold out .
状语
being stuck by the heavy rain,I walked into the bookstore to have a rest.
补语
I found the food being bitten by my classmate.
having done
状语
not having received an answer,she wrote another letter to her parents.
不做后置定语，因为可以被不及物动词取代，且不及物动词更加简洁。
leaves which have fallen(和fallen leaves是一个意思。）
having been done
状语
having been attended for a week,my dog could walk all by itself.
不做后置定语
the house which has been built
逻辑主语
独立主格结构
分词做状语时，自带逻辑主语，与主句逻辑主语不同。
if weather permits,I will go hiking.
带with的独立主格结构
表伴随
I fell asleep. the music was on.
表原因
the key was lost.he had to wait outside the door.
独立主格太笼统
strictly speaking,this is not a right answer.
否定
过去分词done
不及物动词vi
本质：分身，省略
运用：完成。
做成分
定语
前置定语
fallen leaves
不做后置定语
做不了状语，会变成现在分词。
成省略的角度出发
because I grow up in the courntryside,I have a special feeling of the nature.
补语
I found her gone.
时态语态
done
逻辑主语
否定
及物动词vt
本质：分身，省略
运用：完成，被动。
做成分
定语
前置定语
a respected teacher.
后置定语
the house built last year has been sold out.
状语
as he was born in a poor family,he got only two years of education.
补语
I found my bike stolen.
时态语态
done
逻辑主语
独立主格结构
分词做状语时，自带逻辑主语，与主句逻辑主语不同。
whem my homework was finished,I went to sleep.
否定
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